Which term describes a relatively permanent change in behavior or the potential to make a response that occurs as a result of experience group of answer choices?

an observable change in behavior resulting from experiences in the environment.

c.

a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience.

d.

the relatively permanent acquisition of information through study.

 2.

In _____, an organism to ignore a stimulus that has become familiar.

a.

habituation        

c.

operant conditioning

b.

classical conditioning     

d.

complex learning

 3.

The smoke alarm occasionally goes off when you are cooking. The first time this happens your dog whines and becomes frightened. Each succeeding time the alarm sounds, the dog gets more frightened. The dog is showing what basic kind of learning?

a.

disassociative   

c.

sensitization

b.

associative         

d.

habituation

 4.

In complex learning

a.

classical conditioning occurs.

b.

operant conditioning occurs.

c.

habituation always is apparent.

d.

something must be formed in addition to simple associations.

 5.

Ivan Pavlov is important in psychology because he

a.

discovered the principles of classical conditioning.

b.

discovered the principles of operant conditioning.

c.

was the first to understand the implications of classical conditioning for drug tolerance.

d.

won a Nobel prize for his work in animal digestion.

 6.

An unconditioned stimulus is one that

a.

produces no automatic response from the learner before conditioning takes place.

b.

is produced by an unconditioned response.

c.

an organism will respond to automatically before conditioning takes place.

d.

produces a conditioned response after conditioning has taken place.

 7.

How does an unconditioned stimulus differ from a conditioned stimulus?

a.

The animal cannot perceive the unconditioned stimulus until it has been transduced into a different type of energy.

b.

The response to an unconditioned stimulus must be taught, while the response to a conditioned stimulus is innate.

c.

The response to a conditioned stimulus while the response to the unconditioned stimulus is spontaneous.

d.

All of the above are correct.

 8.

Good evidence that human fears may be acquired through classical conditioning is that

a.

physiological responses that accompany fear may be induced by techniques based on classical conditioning principles.

b.

any human fear will extinguish if left unreinforced for a long enough period of time.

c.

second-order conditioning is ineffective against human fears.

d.

the vasoconstriction response can be classically conditioned.

 9.

Fear of various objects or events can readily be created and treated through the use of

a.

habituation.      

c.

avoidance conditioning.

b.

classical conditioning.    

d.

operant conditioning.

 10.

College students have been known to work very hard during the summer months to make money for the upcoming school year. Money, though, has little intrinsic value except that it can be use to acquire other things that are considered to be of value. The ability of money to elicit hard work is called _____.

a.

sensitization      

c.

reinforcement

b.

non-associative learning              

d.

second-order conditioning

 11.

Discrimination learning is accomplished through the use of

a.

differential reinforcement.        

c.

punishment.

b.

negative reinforcement.             

d.

conditioned fear.

 12.

Your little brother loves to sneak up behind and scare you. Based upon your knowledge of classical conditioning, what would be the result of not knowing he was ready to scare you?

a.

you will be less frightened          

c.

your fright will be greater

b.

there will be no effect  

d.

either a or b will occur

 13.

Kelly's refusal to eat Mexican food, which developed shortly after she caught food poisoning at the campus cafeteria on taco night, could be considered a(n)

a.

conditioned stimulus.   

c.

unconditioned response.

b.

conditioned response. 

d.

unconditioned stimulus.

 14.

B.F. Skinner is important in psychology because he

a.

developed the principles of classical conditioning.

b.

formulated the law of effect.

c.

conducted research which suggests a cognitive component to learning.

d.

developed the principles of operant conditioning.

 15.

A _____ is a consequence which increases the likelihood that the preceding behavior will occur again.

a.

reinforcement 

c.

discriminative stimulus

b.

punishment      

d.

conditioned stimulus

 16.

Because you enjoy talking with your best friend, she can modify your behavior by refusing to speak to you each time you smoke a cigarette in her presence. She is using an operant conditioning technique called _____.

a.

negative reinforcement               

c.

extinction

b.

punishment      

d.

reinforcement

 17.

Stimuli which act as reinforcers because they are related to basic biological needs are called

a.

primary reinforcers.       

c.

secondary reinforcers.

b.

conditioned reinforcers.              

d.

conditioned stimuli.

 18.

Partial reinforcement refers to

a.

occasional, unpredictable punishment for previously reinforced responses.

b.

learning responses that serve the function of escape from aversive stimuli.

c.

increasing the specificity of responses required to earn a reinforcement.

d.

the fact that behavior can be conditioned when reinforced only some of the time.

 19.

In _____, a non-event, or the failure of an event to occur, is the reinforcer.

a.

classical conditioning     

c.

avoidance learning

b.

operant conditioning     

d.

escape learning

 20.

Your prior beliefs about relationships between two variables may lead you to make nonexistent but plausible relationships called

a.

learned associations.     

c.

conditioned responses.

b.

spurious associations.   

d.

selective associations.

QB;

1. the heading, it is important to include labels, such as "Phone:" and "Email:".
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 2

1. Your resume does not need to be tied to a specific job position.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 3                                       

1. The Career Center recommends using a Professional Skills Profile at the beginning of your resume to highlight your most relevant skills.
2. 
   
3.  True
4.  False
5. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 4

1. Having a resume that is 2 or more pages shows potential employers that I have a lot of skills.
2. 
   
3.  True
4.  False
5. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 5

1. It is best to avoid academic and other achievements on your resume.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 6

1. The focus in designing your resume should be to get the job; the interview is not important.
2. 
   
3.  True
4.  False
5. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 7

1. Your resume should contain relevant qualifications and is used to market yourself strategically.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 8

1. Using a variety of fonts and styles can make my resume more appealing.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 9

1. Your resume should focus on tasks you completed rather than skills and accomplishments.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 10

1. When describing your experiences, your verb tense should match your date tense.
2. 
   
3.  True
4.  False
5. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 11

1. Critical thinking and professionalism are two of the eight competencies sought by U.S. employers.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 12

1. The sub-entries in the experience section should focus on key skills, actions, and good outcomes rather than job responsibilities.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 13

1. Information listed in the Experience section should provide proof of the professional skills listed at the top of the resume.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 14

1. A strong resume stands out among other applicants by showing your value from past and present to potential employers.
2.  True
3.  False
4. 
   

2 points  

QUESTION 15

1. When using the "WHO" method to enhance your resume, the "O" stands for Outcome.
2. 
   
3.  True

Answer & Explanation

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