Which of the following statements is true of companionate love in cultures worldwide?

  • The Komachi are a patrilineal society. In patrilineal societies, inheritances:
  • A. pass through the male line usually from father to son

    B. pass through the male line usually from mother’s brother to son

    C. pass through the female line usually from mother to daughter

    D. pass through the female line usually from mother to son

  • Which of the following is a Komachi prescribed marriage rule?
  • A. the ideal partner should be an unrelated community member

    B. men should marry an older woman

    C. marriages should take place outside of one’s social class

    D. multiple marriages are discouraged between families

  • In some communities, the groom’s family compensates the bride’s family for her hand in marriage. This is the practice of:
  • A. bride service

    B. bride wealth

    C. dowry

    D. groom wealth

  • Which of the following IS NOT one of the advantages of marrying close kin in Komachi society?
  • A. it ensures that the marriage will stay intact

    B. it ensures that the marriage bond will strengthen

    C. it ensures and guarantees close bonds between men

    D. it creates an imbalance of power among marrying families

  • James believes his relationships are important to him. He feels the need to make contact and maintain his relationships to establish a sense of belonging. James is expressing his need for:
  • A. affection

    B. social contact

    C. affiliation

    D. self-esteem

  • The relationship between a caregiver and infant is considered which type of relationship?
  • A. intimate

    B. friend

    C. acquaintance

    D. romantic

  • The Relational Model Theory helps us to understand:
  • A. intimate relationships

    B. parent relationships

    C. social relationships across cultures

    D. the costs and benefits of marriage

  • Two caregivers raising a child, an organization raising funds for a charity, and individuals who work together to contribute to their family’s well-being all are participating in this type of relationship?
  • A. authority ranking

    B. communal sharing

    C. equality matching

    D. market pricing

  • As a child, José lived in a community that valued and respected elders especially men. In his community they had the ability to make decisions and higher social status than any other community members. To what type of relationship does this connect?
  • A. authority ranking

    B. communal sharing

    C. equality matching

    D. market pricing

  • The community pooled its money to buy a form. Each contributing member received an equal share of the farm. This is an example of which type of relationship?
  • A. authority ranking

    B. communal sharing

    C. equality matching

    D. market pricing

  • A young potential bride accepts the proposal of a young man from a very wealthy family in a neighboring village. She decides to marry him because of the economic benefits he will bring to her family. This is an example of which type of relationship?
  • A. authority ranking

    B. communal sharing

    C. equality matching

    D. market pricing

  • We tend to be friends with, form relationships with, and become romantically involved with people that we live near or with whom we frequently interact. This is as an example of the:
  • A. similarity attraction effect

    B. matching hypothesis

    C. propinquity effect

    D. market pricing effect

  • Many children and adults choose friends who share their interests, attitudes and beliefs. One likely explanation for their choices is the:
  • A. similarity attraction effect

    B. matching hypothesis

    C. propinquity effect

    D. market pricing effect

  • In a pool of potential romantic mates, the matching hypothesis predicts:
  • A. we will choose a mate who is much more attractive than we are

    B. we will choose a mate who is similar to us in attractiveness

    C. we will choose a mate based on the person’s personality

    D. we will choose a mate based on the person’s available resources

  • There appears to be common qualities for attractiveness across diverse cultures. Although cultural ideas for body shape vary, men generally prefer:
  • A. women with larger body frames

    B. women with triangular body shapes

    C. women whose waist is slimmer than their hips

    D. particularly thin body frames

  • Some Korean and Korean American women undergo elective eyelid surgery. Why do some Korean women elect to have this procedure?
  • A. they are unhappy with their ethnic identity

    B. they reject their ethnic heritage because of self-hatred

    C. to look more European

    D. to achieve a cultural standard of beauty that is pleasing to the person and her in-group

  • Which of the following IS NOT true regarding Western children’s friendships?
  • A. friendships provide children with play opportunities

    B. children select friends based on cultural values and norms

    C. friendship connects to our affiliation needs

    D. the friend relationship is one of social obligation

  • In many Western settings, shy children often face peer rejection because they are timid in social situations. The perception is that these children may be immature. In China,
  • A. shyer children often face peer rejection

    B. shyer children are perceived as immature

    C. shyness is generally a positive quality in children

    D. shy children are not desirable playmates

  • Which of the following IS NOT relevant to French and colleagues’ work on children’s friendships?
  • A. they wanted to learn how cultural values shape Indonesian children’s friendships

    B. they wanted to compare Indonesian children’s friendships to Western children’s friendships

    C. their goal was to study both culture specific and culturally comparative aspects of children’s friendships

    D. they concentrated on an indigenous approach using indigenous qualities

  • In their work on children’s friendships, French and colleagues found all the following EXCEPT:
  • A. Indonesian and American children had the same number friends

    B. Indonesian children unable to form friendships were aggressive

    C. Indonesian children form friendships according to the similarity attraction effect

    D. Indonesian children form friendships according to the propinquity effect

  • In their work on children’s friendships, French and colleagues found the following cultural differences:
  • A. American children provide more support to their friends than Indonesian children do

    B. as Indonesian children become teenagers, they confide more in family members than they do their friends compared to American teens

    C. for Indonesian children, family and friends do not serve similar functions

    D. American children confide more in their family members than they do their friends compared to Indonesian teens

  • Rothbaum and colleagues compared close relationships in which two cultural communities?
  • A. China and Japan

    B. Japan and the United States

    C. Indonesia and China

    D. Indonesian the United States

  • In their cross-cultural work on close relationships, Rothbaum and colleagues found that cultural values and practices shaped children’s experiences with their caregivers. For example:
  • A. most American mothers encourage the development of amae in their children

    B. most Japanese mothers focused more upon emotional content when speaking to their infants than most American mothers do

    C. most American mothers focused more on emotional content when speaking with their children than most Japanese mothers do

    D. most Japanese mothers focused more on providing their children with information about their setting than most American mothers do

  • In their cross-cultural work on close relationships, Rothbaum and colleagues found that cultural values and practices shaped children’s experiences with their caregivers. For example:
  • A. many American teenagers strive to become interdependent with their caregivers

    B. many Japanese teens remain closely attached to their parents, particularly their mothers

    C. many Japanese teens strive to become independent of their caregivers

    D. many American teenagers spend more time at home and with their family than they do their friends

  • Which of the following terms describes joking relationships?
  • A. teasing and respect

    B. friendliness and antagonism

    C. avoidance and teasing

    D. friendliness and respect

  • Which of the following forms of teasing might occur in a joking relationship?
  • A. pranking

    B. lying

    C. embarrassment

    D. gossip

  • The classic avoidance relationship is between which two individuals?
  • A. father-in-law and daughter-in-law

    B. mother and son

    C. father and daughter

    D. mother-in-law and son-in-law

  • Research findings on mate selection suggest:
  • A. most women prefer younger mates

    B. most men prefer mates who are kind and funny more than most women do

    C. most men prefer younger mates

    D. most women prefer mates who are kind and funny more than most men do

  • Which of the following statements supports the view that mate selection links to cultural ideology and cultural values?
  • A. most men prefer younger mates

    B. men and women prefer mates who are kind and intelligent

    C. chastity is a desirable mate quality in societies that value a woman’s purity

    D. most women prefer mates with resources

  • In their cross-cultural work on desirable mate qualities, Medora and colleagues found:
  • A. American participants did not rate romantic love as an important quality

    B. Turkish participants rated having a good job as a highly desirable quality

    C. Turkish women did not rate intelligence as an important quality

    D. American participants did not rate intelligence as an important quality

  • Which of the following is a criticism of Buss’ view of mate selection?
  • A. the finding that both men and women prefer mates who are kind and intelligent

    B. the finding that intelligence is a desirable quality across cultures

    C. Buss did not consider factors such as length of a relationship in his work

    D. the finding that men tend to rate physical attractiveness higher than women

  • Which theorist connects to the Western framework, the Triangular Theory of Love?
  • A. David Buss

    B. Robert Sternberg

    C. Daniel Goleman

    D. Howard Gardner

  • Which of the following behaviors IS NOT part of Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love?
  • A. passion

    B. intimacy

    C. commitment

    D. loyalty

  • A couple has passionate relationship but low levels of commitment. The relationship continues in part because of physical attraction. According to Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love, the couple is experiencing:
  • A. consummate love

    B. intimacy

    C. companionate love

    D. passionate love

  • A couple has been in a relationship for over 40 years. They experience high levels of commitment and intimacy even though their passion has waned over the years. According to Sternberg they are experiencing:
  • A. consummate love

    B. intimacy

    C. companionate love

    D. passionate love

  • When passion, intimacy, and commitment appear in equal proportions, according to Sternberg the person is experiencing:
  • A. consummate love

    B. intimacy

    C. companionate love

    D. passionate love

  • Which of the following IS TRUE about Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love?
  • A. it was based on a diverse sample of participants

    B. it is applicable across all cultures

    C. it reflects an American emphasis upon passion in love

    D. places an emphasis on commitment and loyalty

  • In Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love, arranged marriages would emphasize which of the following?
  • A. intimacy

    B. passion

    C. commitment

    D. love

  • Because Japanese cultural scripts for romantic relationships reflect cultural values that emphasize loyalty and commitment, in Sternberg’s model many Japanese couples will value which type of love?
  • A. consummate love

    B. intimacy

    C. companionate love

    D. passionate love

  • Cultural values and worldviews connect to romantic relationships. Many Japanese marry within their social in-group. This decision reinforces the importance of which of the following cultural values in relationships?
  • A. love

    B. the sacred couple

    C. loyalty

    D. intimacy

  • In their cross-cultural study on romantic love, Medora and colleagues found:
  • A. romantic love is more highly valued in technologically advanced nations

    B. in India, romantic love is important to many relationships

    C. many Turkish parents do not acknowledge the position of romantic love in marriage

    D. for many American couples, loyalty and commitment find couples together

  • In their study on romantic love, Munck and colleagues were interested in exploring:
  • A. whether romantic love is a cultural universal

    B. the culture-specific elements of romantic love

    C. does romantic love vary across cultures

    D. is romantic love found only in Western cultural communities

  • In their cross-cultural study on romantic love, Munck and colleagues found that:
  • A. sexual attraction was not necessary for romantic love to develop

    B. one common component of romantic love was couple unity

    C. the American sample did not value friendship and romantic love

    D. cultural scripts and values did not connect to perceptions of romantic love

  • Two romantic partners have entered into social union that has economic implications for their respective families. This union is a:
  • A. friendship

    B. marriage

    C. joking relationship

    D. market pricing

  • In which country will you find the cultural routine in which the way a bride cries connects to her future life?
  • A. China

    B. Japan

    C. Taiwan

    D. Nigeria

  • If you enter into a monogamous relationship, you will have:
  • A. multiple lifetime partners

    B. one lifetime partner

    C. multiple wives

    D. multiple husbands

  • Many societies worldwide practice polygyny. This is the practice of:
  • A. having multiple husbands

    B. having one partner

    C. having multiple wives

    D. marrying brothers

  • Polygyny and polyandry are types of which of the following unions?
  • A. fraternal polyandry

    B. sororal polygyny

    C. monogamy

    D. polygamy

  • In societies where individuals and groups are hierarchically ranked by social or financial status you are likely to see which type of households?
  • A. polygynous

    B. polyandrous

    C. monogamous

    D. fraternal polyandrous

  • Which of the following is a reason why polyandry exists?
  • A. acquiring more than one wife links to wealth

    B. acquiring more than one wife links to power

    C. it is difficult for men to acquire enough resources to marry

    D. it appears in societies where individuals and groups are hierarchically ranked by social status

  • Which of the following DOES NOT support the practice of polyandry?
  • A. it is difficult for men to acquire enough resources to marry

    B. a shortage of women

    C. living in a society where groups and individuals are hierarchically ranked

    D. a family has limited resources

  • In this practice, parents and sometimes families choose their children’s marriage partners. It is:
  • A. monogamy

    B. polyandry

    C. arranged marriage

    D. polygyny

  • When the groom’s family provides payment, goods, or services to the bride’s family in return for rights to marry a daughter, the term for this practice is:
  • A. bride service

    B. groom service

    C. bridewealth

    D. gift exchange

  • Which of the following IS NOT true about bridewealth?
  • A. it provides benefits for the bride and her family

    B. it is often found in matrilineal societies

    C. bridewealth links to low social status for women

    D. it helps the bride form social bonds with her future in-laws

  • Magdalena’s family gave her a gift that she can carry forward into her marriage. This gift will help her contribute to her future families’ success. This gift is termed:
  • A. dowry

    B. groom service

    C. bridewealth

    D. gift exchange

  • In contemporary terms a dowry is similar to:
  • A. a home equity loan

    B. a prenuptial agreement

    C. a legal contract

    D. a gift exchange

  • Dowries are most often found in societies:
  • A. that practice polygamy

    B. where women are the primary income earners

    C. where there is social stratification

    D. that are matrilineal

  • Layla’s brother is marrying a woman from the neighboring village. Layla will be traded for his bride. This is an example of:
  • A. a dowry

    B. groom service

    C. exchange of women

    D. gift exchange

  • In bride service, the groom works for his future wife’s family. This is prominent in societies that:
  • A. hunt

    B. gather food

    C. are technologically advanced

    D. fish

  • What is the function of bride and groom service?
  • A. to teach young adults role expectations

    B. it provides women with a secure financial future

    C. it is payment to the bride’s family

    D. it is payment to the groom’s family

  • Women who have migrated from North Korea to South Korea often opt to remain in South Korea. Many North Korean women are choosing South Korean men as mates in part because of their financial stability. According to the Relational Theory Model, this relationship may be described as:
  • A. authority ranking

    B. communal sharing

    C. equality matching

    D. market pricing

  • Among traditional families in Nigeria, one highly valued cultural expectation for women is:
  • A. chastity

    B. domestic skills

    C. income earning potential

    D. kindness

  • Many young Nigerians increasingly believe that love leads to marriage and they hope to enter into love marriages. Which criterion of culture best describes their belief?
  • A. culture is shared

    B. culture is learned

    C. culture is passed on from one generation to the next

    D. cultures ever-changing

  • In traditional times, which type of marriage was the norm in Nigeria?
  • A. child marriage

    B. arranged marriage

    C. love marriage

    D. civil marriage

  • Sandhya studied happiness among Hindu and American couples. Her interest was in:
  • A. different types of marriages

    B. different types of family arrangements

    C. number of children in the family

    D. whether there are universal or culturally local aspects of happiness

  • Sandhya studied happiness among Hindu and American couples. Which of the following IS TRUE?
  • A. many Hindi individuals have worldviews that support an independent self

    B. many American individuals have worldviews that support an interdependent self

    C. happiness increases in many American marriages following the birth of children

    D. the ideal of the sacred couple is important in American marriages

  • Sandhya studied happiness among Hindu and American couples. Which of the following IS TRUE?
  • A. Indian cultural practices emphasize hierarchical relationships

    B. individual needs are more important than group needs

    C. newlyweds living in extended households no longer need to remain obedient to elders

    D. upon marriage a woman’s social status increases in her husband family

  • Sandhya studied happiness among Hindu and American couples. She found all the following EXCEPT:
  • A. Hindu couples reported the importance of intimacy in their union

    B. Hindu couples reported that intimacy link to marital happiness

    C. Hindu couples expressed intimacy in everyday interactions

    D. Hindu couples living in nuclear families reported less happiness than those living in extended families

  • Which of the following IS TRUE about child marriages?
  • A. they occur in almost every country on earth

    B. they are a form of an arranged marriage

    C. the practice of child marriages is increasing

    D. most child marriages occur in South America

  • Which of the following IS NOT a factor in child marriages?
  • A. poverty

    B. the promise of a dowry

    C. the practice is a way to control a daughter’s sexual activity

    D. it gives women the freedom to choose their own destiny

    What type of love is also called companionate love?

    Compassionate love, also called companionate love, is about intimacy, trust, commitment, and affection. In a long-term relationship, passionate love typically simmers down to compassionate love within one to two years.

    Which of the following is a form of love fueled by passion and feelings of intimacy but lacking in commitment?

    Romantic love has both passion and intimacy but lacks commitment, whereas consummate love is a more complete form of love in which all three components flower.

    Which of the following is an example of empty love?

    Empty Love: An example of this is an unhappy marriage, where the intimacy or the liking for the spouse is gone, and the flames of passion have already been put out a long time ago; nothing left but the contract of marriage itself.

    Which of the following concepts describes our tendency to seek out and maintain connections with people we perceive as similar to us?

    Interests. Homophily occurs within groups of people that have similar interests as well. We enjoy interacting more with individuals who share similarities with us, so we tend to actively seek out these connections.