1 Show Research on nutrition in middle childhood indicates that malnutrition that persists from infancy or early childhood into the school years usually leads to permanent physical and mental damage. 2 Which of the following is supported by research on unintentional injuries in middle childhood? Use of protective helmets leads to an 85 percent reduction in risk of head injury.
3 Research confirms that _________ plays a large role in accounting for boys' gross-motor superiority. 4 One valid criticism of adult-organized youth sports is that they overemphasize competition and substitute children's natural experimentation with rules and strategies. 5 Attention-Deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is usually a lifelong disorder 6 Children who acquire effective self regulatory skills develop a sense of 7 In Sternberg's triarchic theory, intelligent behavior involves balancing __________ intelligences. Analytical, Creative, and Practical combining phonics with whole language is the best approach for teaching beginning reading. 9 Mrs. Ritchie wants to foster her students' emotional intelligence. Her lesson plans should use active learning techniques that provide skill practice in __________ and __________. respect and caring for other; resistance to unfavorable peer pressure 10 Research shows that children who engage in as little as 21 minutes of independent reading per day are exposed to nearly 2 million words per year 11 Research on bilingual education shows that a strategy that promotes children's native-language skills while they learn English is most effective for non-English-speaking minority children. 12 Studies show that educational self-fulfilling prophecies are especially strong when teachers emphasize competition and publicly compare children. 13 According to Erikson, a sense of __________ can develop in middle childhood when family life fails to prepare children for school life or when teachers and peers destroy children's self-confidence with negative responses. 14 As school-age children move into adolescence, self-concept is increasingly vested in feedback from close friends. 15 Compared to his Caucasian-American age mates, Leonard, an African-American fourth grader, is more likely to have higher self-esteem and a stronger sense of ethnic pride. 16 Children who are high in academic self-esteem and motivation make __________ attributions, crediting their successes to __________. mastery-oriented; ability 17 Teachers who are __________ and emphasize __________ tend to have mastery-oriented students. helpful; learning over getting good grades 18 Which of the following statements about emotional self-regulation in middle childhood is true? By age 10, most children shift adaptively between problem-centered and emotion-centered coping 19 Principal Allen wants to reduce prejudice at his middle school. Which of the following interventions should he use? assign children to cooperative learning groups with peers of diverse backgrounds 20 __________ children are at the highest risk for poor school performance, substance abuse, and antisocial behavior in adolescence and delinquency with criminality in early adulthood. 21 Research has shown that parents promote gender stereotypes by behaving in a more mastery-oriented fashion with sons than with daughters. 22 Despite the concerns of middle childhood, child rearing becomes easier for those parents who established a(n) __________ style in the early years. 23 A study conducted showed that fifth and sixth graders describe __________ as the most influential people in their lives. 24 The overriding factor in positive adjustment following divorce is shielding the child from family conflict and using authoritative child rearing. 25 Research on child sexual abuse indicates that the abuser is typically a parent or someone the parent knows well. 26 Most researchers today believe that adolescent development is influenced by biological, psychological, and social forces. 27 During puberty, neurons become more responsive to excitatory neurotransmitters. As a result, adolescents react more strongly to stressful events and experience pleasurable stimuli more intensely. 28 Sleep-deprived adolecents are more likely to suffer from anxiety and depression. 29 Which of the following statements about sex differences in adolescents' reactions to pubertal changes is true? A few girls tell a friend that they are menstruating, but more boys tell a friend about spermarche. 30 Which of the following statements about adolescent moodiness is true? Younger adolescents' mood swings are strongly related to situational changes 31 __________ is a modern substitute for the actual physical departure of young people from the family group 32 Randy is viewed by both adults and peers as relaxed, independent, and self-confident. Maria is viewed by . Randy is an early-maturing boy, and Maria is a late-maturing girl. 33 Which of the following statements about individuals with bulimia nervosa is true? They usually feel depressed and guilty about their abnormal eating habits and desperately want help. 34 Research shows that many adolescents do not use contraception during sexual activity because they fail to apply their reasoning skills to everyday situations. 35 Which of the following three-phase sequences do many homosexual adolescents and adults move through in feeling different, confusion, and self-acceptance 36 Studies show that most adolescents are aware of basic facts about AIDS but are poorly informed about how to protect themselves against other STDs. 37 In Canada and Western Europe, where community-
and school-based clinics offer adolescents contraceptives pregnancy, childbirth, and abortion rates are much lower 38 Adolescent drug experimentation should not be taken lightly because a single heavy dose can lead to permanent injury or death. 39 The imaginary audience is adolescents' belief that they are the focus of everyone else's attention and concern. 40 Compared with adults making decisions, teenagers less often fall back on intuitive judgments 41 Which of the following statements about school transitions is true? For well-adjusted youths, grade point averages tend to increase with the high school transition. 42 Which of the following statements about part-time work during high school is true? The more hours students work, the more likely they are to drop out of school. 43 Which of the following factors is predictive of high self-esteem in adolescence? 44 Which of the following statements about identity development is true? The majority of young people change from moratorium to foreclosure or diffusion in young adulthood. 45 Adolescents who __________ tend to be in a state of moratorium or identity achievement. feel attached to their parents but also free to voice their own opinions 46 Which of the following is a strategy for helping minority adolescents resolve identity conflicts respecting native languages and unique learning styles in school 47 At Kohlberg's Stage 5 of moral development, individuals regard laws and rules as flexible instruments for furthering human purposes. 48 According to Kohlberg, mature moral thinkers realize that behaving in line with their beliefs is vital for creating and maintaining a just social world. promotes responsible academic and social behavior. is associated with a rise in antisocial behavior, particularly for older adolescents. is related to drug use, delinquency, and poor academic achievement. 52 The most common psychological problem of adolescence is 53 Which of the following statements about adolescent suicide is true? Gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths are at a high risk for suicide 54 Which of the following statements about factors related to juvenile delinquency is true? Girls who experience parental divorce and separation are more likely to engage in antisocial behavior 55 During the twenties and thirties, changes in physical appearance and declines in body functioning are so gradual that most are hardly noticeable. 56 When an adult suffers from atherosclerosis, it typically develops early in life and progresses during middle adulthood. many people show large weight gains between the ages of 25 and 40. 58 __________ is the single most important preventable cause of death in industrialized nations. 59 Which of the following statements about the sex lives of American adults is true? Most married adults say they are only somewhat happy with their sex lives
60 The overall rate of STDs is higher among women than men because it is at least twice as easy for a man to infect a woman with any STD than for a woman to infect a man. 61 Which of the following is an accurate statement about risk and resilience in emerging adulthood? Emerging adults are susceptible to many risks due to their poor decision making and uncertainty about 62 According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, intimacy, passion, and commitment shift in emphasis as romantic relationships develop. 63 Sal and Sadie have been married for 40 years. When asked to compare their current relationship to when they their marriage has more passionate love now than earlier. 64 Gloria's marriage was riddled with
jealousy, emotional highs and lows, and desperation about whether her 65 Which of the following statements about other-sex friendships is true? When a solid other-sex friendship evolves
into a romance, it may be more stable and enduring than a 66 Emma left home to attend college and lived on her own until she got married. As her own children grew up 67 __________ is the most consistent predictor of marital stability. 68 Postponing childbearing until the late twenties or thirties . eases the transition to parenthood. 69 Parents of __________ often report a dip in marital and life satisfaction. 70 A recent study of same-sex couples found that same-sex civil unions were __________ heterosexual less likely to dissolve than
71 Jenelle, a divorced mother with two children, is marrying William, a divorced father with three children. It will take three to five years for Jenelle and William's blended family to develop the connectedness 72 Research findings indicate that gay and lesbian parents are as committed to and effective as heterosexual parents. 73 During midlife, most adults begin to experience life-threatening health episodes—if not in themselves, then in their partners and friends. 74 Jeanine is 55. According to her doctor, Jeanine's reproductive capacity has ended. She has reached the midlife are a sign of serious sexual dysfunction 76 Among the middle-aged adults who rate their health unfavorably men are more likely than women to suffer from fatal illnesses 77 The leading causes of death in middle age are __________ and __________. cancer; cardiovascular disease 78 Symptoms of heart disease in women tend to get overlooked by doctors. 79 Which of the following statements about the Type A behavior pattern is true? Current evidence pinpoints hostility as a toxic ingredient of Type A in both men and women. 80 Individuals who are repeatedly enraged are more likely to be 81 Suzanne viewed life as fluid. She expected change and accepted it as inevitable. When Suzanne was faced 82 Erikson's psychological conflict of midlife is called __________ versus __________. 83 Quentin went to college with the goal of becoming a social worker. Instead, he gave in to pressure from his 84 __________ is common in middle adulthood. 85 Gilles, age 50,
tells his brother, "I'd like to maintain my physical health and work on getting emotionally 86 Cindy, age 48, cares for her two teenage sons and her ailing mother-in-law. Along with her mother, she is one 87 Older adults who __________ adapt more favorably and feel better about it. see aging as inevitable and uncontrollable 88 Sedentary healthy older adults up to age 80 who begin endurance training should focus on non-weight-bearing activities. 89 Mr. Martin reached the last years of his life feeling whole, complete, and satisfied with his achievements. He seems to have little effect—positive or negative—on mental and physical health during the last
year of 91 One reason social withdrawal is so common in nursing home settings is that older adults prefer to be alone over being in the company of residents. 92 __________ are the most frequently reported types of elder abuse. . Physical neglect, sexual abuse, and financial abuse 93 Which of the following is an essential ingredient of a "good death"? offering the dying person care, affection, companionship, and esteem 94 Which of the following statements about enhancing children's understanding of the death concept is true? Discussing death candidly with children fuels their fears 95 Kübler-Ross recommends that family members and health professionals not prolong denial by distorting the truth about the person's condition 96 Palliative care involves care aimed at relieving pain and other symptoms. 97 Which of the following statements about advance medical directives is true? A living will is more flexible than a durable power of attorney for health care. 98 People respond to __________ with __________. 99 Which of the following statements about the dual-process model of coping with loss is true? Effective coping requires people to oscillate between dealing with the emotional consequences of loss 100 Marion was forbidden by his gay partner's family to attend his partner's funeral or burial service. Marion is at 101 Death education at all levels strives to prepare students to be informed consumers of medical and funeral services. Which is true about selfWhich of the following is true about self-concept in middle childhood? During middle childhood, kids develop positive but realistic self-concepts - they know that others have unique abilities that they don't, but they also appreciate their own unique abilities.
Which of the following accurately shows the influence of others on child selfWhich of the following accurately shows the influence of others on child self-esteem in middle years? Parents and classmates are equally influential, followed by close friends and teachers.
What is selfDevelopment of self-concept in middle-childhood. - Children's self-concepts focus more on abstract internal or personality traits. - As they undergo development, internal and personality traits begin to play a role. - Nine year-olds focus on physical traits, such as eye color, in self-definition.
Which of the following is true of the consequences of low selfWhich of the following statements is true of the consequences of low self-esteem in children? It has been implicated in overweight and obesity, anxiety, depression, suicide, and delinquency.
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