Which of the following concepts refers to the recognize violation of cultural norms?

Presentation on theme: "The recognized violation of cultural norms. Rules and expectations by which society guides the behavior of its members  Norms = “normal” behavior  Types."— Presentation transcript:

1 The recognized violation of cultural norms

2 Rules and expectations by which society guides the behavior of its members  Norms = “normal” behavior  Types Prescriptive - what you are expected to do Proscriptive - what you are expected not to do  Mores  Widely observed, great moral significance; right vs wrong  Folkways  Routine, casual interaction; right vs rude

3  Sanctions – rewards and punishments to get people to follow norms  Form of social control  Social control – attempts by society to regulate ppl’s thoughts and actions

4  Lombroso – physical characteristics  Low forehead, prominent jaws and cheeks, big ears, lots of body hair, long arms; i.e. ape like  Sheldon – body shape  Muscular athletic builds ▪ boys  Gluecks – confirmed body shape, but suggested distance from parents related to less sensitivity to others and a self-fulfilling prophecy

5  Unsuccessful socialization  Containment Theory - Reckless and Dinitz  Personality that reins in deviant impulses  stronger conscience ability to handle frustration identify with cultural norms and values

6 Theoretical paradigm: a set of fundamental assumptions that guides thinking ▪ Structural-functional ▪ What are the consequences (functions) of the patterns of social behavior (structures)? ▪ All social structure functions to keep society going ▪ Social-conflict ▪ Society is arena of inequality that generates conflict and social change ▪ structured in ways to benefit a few at the expense of the majority ▪ Symbolic-interaction  Society the product of everyday social interactions of individuals who attach meaning to everything (subjective)  Society is shared reality that people construct as they interact with one another

7  Affirms cultural values and norms  No good w/o evil, no justice w/o crime, needed to define and sustain morality  Clarifies moral boundaries  Draws boundaries btwn right and wrong ▪ Ex - college plagiarizing student  Promotes social unity  Collective outrage, reaffirm moral ties that bind ppl ▪ Ex – 9/11, Boston marathon bombings  Encourages social change  Today’s deviance can be tomorrow’s morality, suggestions/challenges can encourage change ▪ Ex - article

8  Does society provides the means to achieve cultural goals?  The gap btwn ‘what is’ and ‘what ought to be’ leaves a person strained

9 Deviance and conformity result not so much from what people do as from how others respond to those actions  Primary deviance  norm violation most people take part in with little to no reaction from others  little harm to self-concept  Secondary deviance  when people “make something” of the deviance  can affect self-concept

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11  Stigma - powerful negative label that greatly changes a person’s self-concept and social identity  Stronger commitment to deviant behavior  Master status  Discredited, isolated  Degradation ceremony

12  Retrospective labeling – re-interpreting someone’s past in light of present deviance  Prospective labeling - predicts future deviant behavior based on deviant identity  Once a ____, always a ____

13  Medicalization of Deviance – transformation of moral and legal deviance into a medical condition  Bad sick, good well  Exs – overeating, alcoholism, drug addiction, child abuse, sexual promiscuity  Moral or medical?  Who responds – community or specialists  How people respond – offender subject to punishment or patient needing treatment  Personal competence of the deviant person – take responsibility or lack capacity to control or understand actions  http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/12/justice/texas-teen-dwi-wreck/index.html http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/12/justice/texas-teen-dwi-wreck/index.html

14  Social control depends on imagining consequences of one’s actions  Deterrent vs little to lose  Four types of social control  Attachment – strong social attachments encourage conformity  Commitment – greater commitment to legitimate opportunities = greater conformity; confidence in future success  Involvement – “legitimate” activities vs “hanging out”  Belief – morals, strong conscience, respect for authority control tendencies twd deviance  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ziDCUvThck – 5:48 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ziDCUvThck

15  Deviant behavior is learned  Tendency twd conformity or deviance depends on amt of contact with others who encourage or reject conventional behavior  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bres-1Wq7j8 – 4:13 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bres-1Wq7j8

16  Norms and laws reflect interest of rich and powerful  Belief that norms and laws are natural and good masks their political character  Powerful have resources to avoid being labeled deviant  ses, race, ethnicity, gender, etc  http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/12/health/affluenza-youth/index.html http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/12/health/affluenza-youth/index.html

17  White collar crime – crime committed by ppl of high social position in the course of their occupations  Bank embezzlement, business fraud, bribery  Corporate crime – illegal actions of a corporation or ppl acting on its behalf  Knowingly selling faulty or dangerous products, deliberate pollution  Organized crime – a business supplying illegal goods or services  Gang shopkeeper protection, drugs, sex, gambling, credit card fraud  Hate crime – criminal act against a person or person’s property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias  Race, religion, ancestry, sexual orientation, physical disability  Deviance and gender – whether ppl define something as deviant, and, if so, whose deviance it is, depends on sex of audience and actors

18  Deviance – the recognized violation of cultural norms  Crime – the violation of a society’s formally enacted criminal law  act & intent (mens rea = guilty mind)  criminology- the sociological study of crime  Criminal justice system – a formal response by police, courts, and prison officials to alleged violations of the law  “What is deviant?” sheet

19  Crimes against the person – (violent crimes) crimes that direct violence or the threat of violence against others  Crimes against property – (property crimes) crimes that involve theft of property belonging to others  Victimless crimes – violations of law in which there are no readily apparent victims Sociology, Eleventh Edition

20  Retribution  Moral vengeance inflicted  Deterrence  Discourage future criminality  Rehabilitation  Reform offenders while in prison  Societal protection  Temporary removal of offender through incarceration  Permanent removal by execution  Criminal recidivism  Subsequent offences by people convicted of crimes

Is the violation of cultural norms?

What concept is best defined as the violation of formally enacted social norms?

Which of the following concepts refers to the illegal actions of a corporation?

Which term refers to a violation of norms that doesn't result in any long term consequences?