All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races

What types of elections are there?

There are three basic types -- primary, general and local. In addition, "special elections" can be called which are limited to one specific purpose, e.g., filling a vacancy.

What is a primary election?

There are two types of primary elections. In a Presidential primary election, voters registered with a political party select the candidate who will represent that party on the ballot in the next general election in November. In its statewide primary, California now has a Top Two Open Primary system, which means that all candidates running for state constitutional, U.S. Congressional, and state legislative offices will be listed on a single statewide primary election ballot. Voters can vote for the candidate of their choice for these offices, regardless of how they are registered. The top two candidates, as determined by the voters, will advance to the general election in November.

In a Presidential primary election, if you are registered to vote with a political party, you will be given a ballot for that party. Each political party has the option of allowing decline-to-state voters to vote in their Presidential primary. Find out how to vote for President based on your party affiliation.

When are primary elections held?

The statewide primary is held in June of even-numbered years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday. The California Legislature sets the Presidential primary date. 

What is a general election?

The general election is one that is held in the whole state and is not limited to voters in a particular party or a specific locality.

When are general elections held?

The statewide general election is held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday of November in even-numbered years. The general election for the President is held quadrennially on the first Tuesday after the first Monday of November.

What is the purpose of a general election?

The purpose of a Presidential general election is to make a final choice among the various candidates who have been nominated by parties or who are running as independent or write-in candidates. In addition, where nonpartisan races have not been decided in the primary, the runoffs are held at the general election. The purpose of the statewide general election for given state and congressional offices is for voters to make a final choice between the top two-vote getters in the statewide primary election. Statewide measures also can be placed on the November ballot.

What is a nonpartisan office?

It is an office for which candidates' names appear on the ballot without party designation. No party may nominate a candidate for nonpartisan office.

Which offices are nonpartisan?

Local offices such as most city council members, county supervisors,  all school boards, all judgeships, including the statewide office of member of the California Supreme Court. The statewide offices of Superintendent of Public Instruction and Insurance Commissioner are nonpartisan.

Are there nonpartisan primaries?

Yes. Some local nonpartisan primaries such as those for judges are usually held at the same time as the statewide regular primary. A candidate for a nonpartisan office who is on the primary ballot is selected if he or she wins more than 50% of the vote. If not, there is a runoff election in November between the top two candidates.

Do all nonpartisan offices use primaries?

No, some nonpartisan offices, such as most city councils and school boards, do not use primaries. Candidates run as independents and the person with the most votes wins even if it is not a majority.

When are local elections held and how do I learn about them?

There is no set time or method that applies to all city, county, school or special district elections. If you are a registered voter you will receive a Sample Ballot before the election. This provides basic information you need about who is running for what office and whether there are any local ballot measures. Most local offices are nonpartisan and candidates run without party affiliation noted on the ballot. You can always check VotersEdge.org for more information about your local elections.

From Ballotpedia

2018

Governor of California

All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races

Top-two primary
General election
Election details
Filing deadline: March 11, 2022
Primary: June 7, 2022
General: November 8, 2022

Pre-election incumbent(s):
Gavin Newsom (Democratic)
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m.
Voting in California
Race ratings
Cook Political Report: Solid Democratic
Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Democratic
Inside Elections: Solid Democratic
Ballotpedia analysis
Federal and state primary competitiveness
State executive elections in 2022
Impact of term limits in 2022
State government trifectas and triplexes
Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2022
California
executive elections
Governor

Lieutenant Governor
Attorney General
Secretary of State
Treasurer
Controller
Superintendent of Public Instruction
State Board of Equalization (4 seats)
Insurance Commissioner

California held an election for governor on November 8, 2022. The primary was scheduled for June 7, 2022. The filing deadline was March 11, 2022.

Incumbent Gavin Newsom won election in the general election for Governor of California.

This was one of 36 gubernatorial elections that took place place in 2022. The governor serves as a state's top executive official and is the only executive office that is elected in all 50 states. At the time of the 2022 elections, there were 28 Republican governors and 22 Democratic governors. Click here for a map with links to our coverage of all 50 states' responses to the pandemic and here for an overview of all 36 gubernatorial elections that took place in 2022.

Heading into the 2022 elections, there were 23 Republican trifectas, 14 Democratic trifectas, and 13 divided governments where neither party held trifecta control. There were 23 Republican triplexes, 18 Democratic triplexes, and nine divided governments where neither party held triplex control.

A state government trifecta refers to a situation where one party controls a state's governorship and majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. A state government triplex refers to a situation where the governor, attorney general, and secretary of state are all members of the same political party.

For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:

  • California gubernatorial election, 2022 (June 7 top-two primary)

Candidates and election results

General election

Nonpartisan primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

  • Mohammad Arif (D)
  • John Drake (D)
  • Laura Smith (R)
  • Errol Webber (R)
  • Hilaire Fuji Shioura (Independent)
  • Chaz Flemmings (Independent)

Campaign finance

Voting information

See also: Voting in California

Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

No candidate in this race has completed Ballotpedia's 2022 Candidate Connection survey. Ballotpedia is seeking 100 percent participation so voters can learn more about all the candidates on their ballots.

You can ask candidates in this race to fill out the survey by clicking their names below:

  • Gavin Newsom

Election competitiveness

Race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from three outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, and Sabato's Crystal Ball. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

  • Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
  • Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
  • Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[1]
  • Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[2][3][4]

Race ratings: California gubernatorial election, 2022
Race tracker Race ratings
November 8, 2022 November 1, 2022 October 25, 2022 October 18, 2022
The Cook Political Report Solid Democratic Solid Democratic Solid Democratic Solid Democratic
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales Solid Democratic Solid Democratic Solid Democratic Solid Democratic
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball Safe Democratic Safe Democratic Safe Democratic Safe Democratic
Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week.

Ballot access requirements

The table below details filing requirements for gubernatorial candidates in California in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in California, click here.

Filing requirements for gubernatorial candidates, 2022
State Office Party Signatures required Filing fee Filing deadline Source Notes
California Governor N/A 65-100 $4,371.12 3/11/2022 Source

Past elections

2018

See also: California gubernatorial election, 2018

General election

Nonpartisan primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

  • Daniel Amare (R)
  • Analila Joya (Independent)
  • Ted Crisell (D)
  • Grant Handzlik (Independent)
  • Harmesh Kumar (D)
  • Lindsey Neil Shortland (Independent)
  • David Bush (Independent)
  • David Hadley (R)
  • Andy Blanch (Independent)
  • Michael Bilger (Independent)
  • James Tran (Independent)
  • Boris Romanowsky (Independent)
  • Jacob Morris (R)
  • George Konik (R)
  • Timothy Richardson (Independent)
  • Michael Bracamontes (D)
  • Robert Kleinberger (R)
  • David Asem (D)
  • Scot Sturtevant (Independent)
  • Brian Domingo (R)
  • Frederic Prinz von Anhalt (Independent)
  • John Leslie-Brown (R)
  • Stasyi Barth (R)
  • Joshua Laine (Independent)
  • Doug Ose (R)

2014

See also: California gubernatorial election, 2014
Governor of California, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Jerry Brown Incumbent
60% 4,388,368
     Republican Neel Kashkari 40% 2,929,213
Total Votes 7,317,581
Election results California Secretary of State, "Official election results," accessed April 6, 2017

Election analysis

Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.

  • Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the state.
  • Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
  • State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
  • Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.

Presidential elections

See also: Presidential voting trends in California and The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

Cook PVI by congressional district

Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index for California, 2022
DistrictIncumbentPartyPVI
California's 1st Doug LaMalfa
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+12
California's 2nd Jared Huffman
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+23
California's 3rd Open
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+4
California's 4th Mike Thompson
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+17
California's 5th Tom McClintock
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+9
California's 6th Ami Bera
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+7
California's 7th Doris Matsui
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+17
California's 8th John Garamendi
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+26
California's 9th Josh Harder
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+5
California's 10th Mark DeSaulnier
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+18
California's 11th Nancy Pelosi
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+37
California's 12th Barbara Lee
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+40
California's 13th Open
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+4
California's 14th Eric Swalwell
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+22
California's 15th Open
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+28
California's 16th Anna Eshoo
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+26
California's 17th Ro Khanna
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+23
California's 18th Zoe Lofgren
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+21
California's 19th Jimmy Panetta
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+18
California's 20th Kevin McCarthy
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+16
California's 21st Jim Costa
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+9
California's 22nd David Valadao
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
D+5
California's 23rd Jay Obernolte
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+8
California's 24th Salud Carbajal
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+13
California's 25th Raul Ruiz
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+6
California's 26th Julia Brownley
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+8
California's 27th Mike Garcia
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
D+4
California's 28th Judy Chu
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+16
California's 29th Tony Cardenas
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+26
California's 30th Adam Schiff
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+23
California's 31st Grace Napolitano
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+15
California's 32nd Brad Sherman
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+20
California's 33rd Pete Aguilar
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+12
California's 34th Jimmy Gomez
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+32
California's 35th Norma Torres
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+13
California's 36th Ted Lieu
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+21
California's 37th Open
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+37
California's 38th Linda Sanchez
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+14
California's 39th Mark Takano
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+12
California's 40th Young Kim
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+2
California's 41st Ken Calvert
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+3
California's 42nd Open
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+22
California's 43rd Maxine Waters
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+32
California's 44th Nanette Barragan
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+24
California's 45th Michelle Steel
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
D+2
California's 46th Lou Correa
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+15
California's 47th Katie Porter
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+3
California's 48th Darrell Issa
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Republican
R+9
California's 49th Mike Levin
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+3
California's 50th Scott Peters
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+14
California's 51st Sara Jacobs
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+12
California's 52nd Juan Vargas
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Democratic
D+18

2020 presidential results by 2022 congressional district lines

2020 presidential results in congressional districts based on 2022 district lines, California[5]
District Joe Biden
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Donald Trump
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
California's 1st 39.2% 58.3%
California's 2nd 73.5% 24.0%
California's 3rd 47.9% 49.7%
California's 4th 67.1% 30.5%
California's 5th 42.7% 55.0%
California's 6th 57.9% 39.4%
California's 7th 67.4% 30.3%
California's 8th 76.0% 22.0%
California's 9th 55.2% 42.6%
California's 10th 68.6% 29.3%
California's 11th 86.3% 11.7%
California's 12th 89.3% 8.6%
California's 13th 54.3% 43.4%
California's 14th 71.7% 26.2%
California's 15th 77.7% 20.4%
California's 16th 75.4% 22.4%
California's 17th 72.7% 25.3%
California's 18th 71.0% 26.9%
California's 19th 68.7% 29.1%
California's 20th 36.4% 61.3%
California's 21st 59.1% 38.8%
California's 22nd 55.3% 42.3%
California's 23rd 43.9% 53.7%
California's 24th 63.3% 34.3%
California's 25th 56.7% 41.4%
California's 26th 58.9% 39.0%
California's 27th 55.1% 42.7%
California's 28th 66.1% 31.9%
California's 29th 74.5% 23.2%
California's 30th 72.2% 26.0%
California's 31st 64.5% 33.4%
California's 32nd 69.5% 28.7%
California's 33rd 61.5% 36.2%
California's 34th 81.0% 16.7%
California's 35th 62.7% 35.1%
California's 36th 71.0% 26.9%
California's 37th 85.7% 12.4%
California's 38th 64.1% 33.9%
California's 39th 62.0% 35.8%
California's 40th 49.9% 48.0%
California's 41st 48.6% 49.7%
California's 42nd 71.7% 25.9%
California's 43rd 80.8% 17.0%
California's 44th 72.9% 24.7%
California's 45th 52.1% 46.0%
California's 46th 64.1% 33.7%
California's 47th 54.5% 43.4%
California's 48th 42.7% 55.0%
California's 49th 54.6% 43.2%
California's 50th 65.4% 32.2%
California's 51st 62.5% 35.2%
California's 52nd 67.4% 30.5%

2012-2020

How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:

County-level voting pattern categories
Democratic
Status 2012 2016 2020
Solid Democratic D D D
Trending Democratic R D D
Battleground Democratic D R D
New Democratic R R D
Republican
Status 2012 2016 2020
Solid Republican R R R
Trending Republican D R R
Battleground Republican R D R
New Republican D D R


Following the 2020 presidential election, 83.3% of Californians lived in one of the state's 31 Solid Democratic counties, which voted for the Democratic presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 8.3% lived in one of two Trending Democratic counties: Nevada and Orange. Overall, California was Solid Democratic, having voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2012, Hillary Clinton (D) in 2016, and Joe Biden (D) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in California following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.

California county-level statistics, 2020
Solid Democratic 31 83.3%
Trending Democratic 2 8.3%
Solid Republican 23 7.8%
New Democratic 2 0.6%
Total voted Democratic 35 92.2%
Total voted Republican 23 7.8%

California presidential election results (1900-2020)

  • 15 Democratic wins
  • 15 Republican wins
  • 1 other win

Year 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
Winning Party R R R P[6] D R R R D D D D D R R R D R R R R R R D D D D D D D D

Statewide elections

This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.

U.S. Senate elections

See also: List of United States Senators from California

The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in California.

U.S. Senate election results in California
Race Winner Runner up
2018 54.2%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
45.8%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2016 61.8%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
38.2%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2012 62.5%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
37.5%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2010 52.1%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
42.5%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2006 59.4%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
35.2%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Average 58.0 39.8

Gubernatorial elections

See also: Governor of California

The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in California.

Gubernatorial election results in California
Race Winner Runner up
2018 61.9%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
38.1%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2014 60.0%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
40.0%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2010 53.8%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
40.9%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2006 55.9%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
38.9%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
2003 48.6%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
31.5%
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Average 56.0 37.9

State partisanship

Congressional delegation

The table below displays the partisan composition of California's congressional delegation as of November 2022.

Congressional Partisan Breakdown from California, November 2022
PartyU.S. SenateU.S. HouseTotal
Democratic 2 42 44
Republican 0 11 11
Independent 0 0 0
Vacancies 0 0 0
Total 2 53 55

State executive

The table below displays the officeholders in California's top four state executive offices as of November 2022.

State executive officials in California, November 2022
OfficeOfficeholder
Governor
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Gavin Newsom
Lieutenant Governor
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Eleni Kounalakis
Secretary of State
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Shirley Weber
Attorney General
All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
Rob Bonta

State legislature

The tables below highlight the partisan composition of the California State Legislature as of November 2022.

California State Senate

Party As of November 2022
     Democratic Party 31
     Republican Party 9
     Vacancies 0
Total 40

California State Assembly

Party As of November 2022
     Democratic Party 60
     Republican Party 19
     Independent 1
     Vacancies 0
Total 80

Trifecta control

As of November 2022, California was a Democratic trifecta, with majorities in both chambers of the state legislature and control of the governorship. The table below displays the historical trifecta status of the state.

California Party Control: 1992-2022
Seventeen years of Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Governor R R R R R R R D D D D D R R R R R R R D D D D D D D D D D D D
Senate D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Assembly D D D S R D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

Demographics

The table below details demographic data in California and compares it to the broader United States as of 2019.

Demographic Data for California (2020)
CaliforniaUnited States
Population 39,346,023 326,569,308
Land area (sq mi) 155,857 3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White 56.1% 70.4%
Black/African American 5.7% 12.6%
Asian 14.8% 5.6%
Native American 0.8% 0.8%
Pacific Islander 0.4% 0.2%
Two or more 7.9% 5.2%
Hispanic/Latino 39.1% 18.2%
Education
High school graduation rate 83.9% 88.5%
College graduation rate 34.7% 32.9%
Income
Median household income $78,672 $64,994
Persons below poverty level 12.6% 12.8%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2015-2020)
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

See also

CaliforniaState Executive ElectionsNews and Analysis

All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races

All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races

All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races

California State Executive OfficesCalifornia State LegislatureCalifornia Courts 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016California elections: 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 Party control of state governmentState government trifectasState of the state addressesPartisan composition of governors
  • Search Google News for this topic
  • Office of the Governor of California

Footnotes

  1. Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
  2. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
  3. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
  4. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
  5. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' presidential results by congressional district for 2020, 2016, and 2012," accessed September 9, 2022
  6. Progressive Party

All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races

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All local public officials in the state of California are elected in partisan races
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How can the California Constitution be amended?

Two-thirds of the membership of each chamber of the California State Legislature must propose an amendment, which then goes on a statewide ballot to be ratified or rejected by the state's voters. The state legislature is allowed to propose revisions (not just amendments) to the constitution.

Which of the following statements best describes the number of interest groups in California since 1990?

Which of the following statements best describes the number of interest groups in California since 1990? In 1990 lobbyists represented approximately 1,300 interest groups; in 2000 the number nearly doubled to 2,552; by 2016 it had swelled to 3,663.

Which of the following are factors contributing to the decline of the Progressive Party after 1912?

Which of the following were factors contributing to the decline of the Progressive Party after 1912? The party did not support a number of reforms endorsed by labor. The public grew tired of the large number of political reforms enacted by the Progressives.

Which of the following is a feature of current state law regarding immigration enforcement?

Which of the following is a feature of current state law regarding immigration enforcement? Private employers are prohibited from giving federal immigration workers access to the nonpublic areas of their businesses unless the federal workers have a warrant.