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Terms in this set (80)A condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors is called psychological disorder The etiology for mental disorders is a description of its causes According to the APA, a psychological disorder includes significant disturbances in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that reflect some type of dysfunction. These disturbances lead to significant distress or disability in one's life. Both distress and ________ are things a psychologist may look for in determining if a person has a mental disorder. dysfunction Most mental health professionals use the ________ to diagnose and read about the details, symptoms, prevalence, and risk factors of mental disorders. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders If a person has two diagnoses at the same time, like anxiety and depression, they fit the criteria for ________. comorbidity Globally, the ________ is more frequently used for clinical diagnosis, whereas the ________ is more valued for research. International Classification of Disease; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Historically, psychological disorders were often viewed as ________. supernatural phenomenon Attributing psychological disorders to genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities gives merit to the ________ perspective. biological Which view of mental illnesses integrates biological and psychosocial factors to predict the likelihood of a disorder? diathesis-stress model Jonte has such a extreme fear of flying that she almost never gets home to see family in Georgia, ever since she took a job in New Jersey. Her excessive, distressing, and persistent fear is considered a/an specific phobia Intense fear, anxiety, and avoidance of public places and spaces is known as agoraphobia Anxiety disorders are generally characterized by excessive, persistent fear and anxiety. Monkeys were ________ to develop a fear of fear-relevant stimuli, like toy snakes or a toy crocodile, as they were to fear-irrelevant stimuli, like flowers or a toy rabbit. more likely Modeling, verbal transmission of information, and ________ are all ways that someone might come to develop a specific phobia. classical conditioning If Jeremy has social anxiety disorder, which is a safety behavior he might adopt in order to reduce anxiety in social situations? ask other people lots of questions If Samaria demonstrates behavioral inhibition early in on life by crying or not speaking when in new situations or around unfamiliar people, she will be at greater risk for developing social anxiety disorder If conditioning theories about panic disorder are correct, how might it be treated? reducing thoughts about catastrophes caused by sensations While nearly ¼ of Americans may experience a panic attack at some point during their lives, in order to be diagnosed with a ________, a person should have attacks along with at least one month of anxiety and worry about the attacks. a panic disorder A ________ is a short period of extreme worry sometimes manifested by an accelerated heart rate, sweating, trembling, choking sensations, hot flashes or chills, dizziness or lightheadedness, fears of losing control or going crazy, and fears of dying. panic attack Constant worry is a key feature of generalized anxiety disorder Leini is constantly worried about nearly everything in her life. She worries she will perform poorly in school, she worries about her health, and she worries about her family and friends. All of the worry makes it hard for her to focus and concentrate. She could possibly be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder ________ is characterized by a continuous state of excessive, uncontrollable, and pointless worry and apprehension. generalized anxiety disorder The ________ is an area of the frontal lobe involved in learning and decision-making and the perceived emotional value of things. It plays a critical role in obsessive-compulsive disorder. orbifrontal cortex Mahdi locks the door before she goes to bed at night, then checks it exactly 10 more times before she can actually fall asleep. This may be a sign that Mahdi suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by obsessions, which are ________ and/or compulsions, which are ________ . repetitive, distressing thoughts; repetitive behaviors Brian, an officer in the Air Force, was injured while serving in Iraq. He was involved in a roadside ambush and although he sustained only minor injuries to his arm, one of his soldiers was killed during the gunfire. He has had a hard time sleeping ever since and often has nightmares of the event. He often blames himself for what happened and feels terribly guilty about it all. Brian has symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Carrie was the first responder at a horrific car accident that happened right in front of her on the road. She's had flashbacks to the accident almost daily and has been tense and irritable since then. She likely has post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Who would be statistically more likely to develop PTSD: Tanya, who experienced sexual assault, or Miguel, who lost his house during a devastating tornado? Tanya Which of the following is a behavior associated with depression? feelings of hopelessness Which of the following is a behavior associated with depression? loss of interest in usual activities Major depressive disorder is often ________, meaning its symptoms are typically present at their full magnitude for a certain period of time and then gradually abate episodic Risk factors for depression include being unemployed, being separated, divorced, or widowed, earning less than $20,000 per year, and living in ________. the Americas or Europe If someone is generally depressed in the winter or has "winter blues", they may have ________ depression. season pattern Giada is sad and melancholy much of the time, and has felt that way for several years. Her symptoms are milder than major depressive disorder, so she likely has ________. persistent depressive disorder ________ typically lasts a ________ time and is less severe than major depressive disorder. Persistent depressive disorder; long Nearly ________ of women who had recently given birth screen positive for peripartum onset depression. 15% If a person experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania, they may have ________. bipolar disorder Which is the symptom of bipolar disorder that involves abruptly switching conversation from one topic to another? flight of ideas On Saturday, Ramon felt hopelessly sad, overwhelmed, and unmotivated. On Tuesday, however, he felt energized, and powerful, and decided to buy a new car. Ramon may have bipolar disorder Genetic factors play a large role in ________. Twin studies show that identical twins are have a 67% chance of getting this disorder if their twin has it as well. bipolar disorder Studies on genes that regulate serotonin reveal that if a person has 1 or 2 short versions of a specific gene (5-HTTLPR), they may be ________ to develop major depressive disorder. more likely Which neurotransmitter is connected to suicide when there are low levels present in the brain? serotonin What percentage of those who commit suicide have a mental disorder? 90% Suicide among ________ is more common that among ________. males; females Suicide among ________ is more common that among ________. males; females Major disturbances in thought, emotion, perception, and behavior characterize ________. schizophrenia Devin was convinced that people were following him. He started hearing voices, and would stare out the window for hours without moving. He eventually dropped out of school and lost his job because of the paranoia. Devin most likely has ________. schizophrenia Paranoid delusions are those that involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person. If Jamie, who has schizophrenia, shows signs of avolition by not engaging or caring about taking a shower or getting her hair out of her face. This is considered a ________. negative symptom
Neuroimaging studies show that patients with schizophrenia often have enlarged ________. ventricles Based on the effectiveness of drugs used to treat schizophrenia, researchers believe that the neurotransmitter ________ has a primary role in the disease. dopamine Minor symptoms of psychosis, problems at school or work, or a decline in social functioning are all considered ________ of schizophrenia. prodromal symptoms Which of the following has been shown to have a connection with schizophrenia? marijuana use Which of the following has been shown to have a connection with having a greater risk for schizophrenia? having an identical twin with schizophrenia John was the victim of a violent crime when he was a freshman in college. While he suffered no head injuries as a result, he cannot remember anything from the time period of his assault. He most likely may be diagnosed with the following: dissociative amnesia Dissociative identity disorder is controversial because the rates of the disorder suddenly skyrocketed in the 1980s and then rapidly declined and also because people may fake symptoms to avoid punishment Diana exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined with distinct characteristics. She could be diagnosed with ________ disorder. dissociative identity A/An ________ is a style of thinking, feeling, behaving and relating to others is significantly different from normal cultural expectations. personality disorder Which option correctly matches a personality disorder cluster to the type of disorders in that cluster? Cluster A- odd/eccentric Shianne harbors a pervasive and unjustifiable suspiciousness and mistrust of others and has a hard time making or keeping friends. Daniel has unusual perceptual experiences, idiosyncratic speech, and displays inappropriate emotions. Shianna and Daniel both have personality disorders categorized in ________ of the DSM-V. Cluster A Carrie is dramatic and emotionally volatile. She rapidly forms intense relationships that seem to blow up or fall apart just as quickly. Although she tends to distrust others, she also needs their attention. Carrie might be diagnosed with ________ personality disorder. borderline Which of the following is a sign of borderline personality disorder? impulsivity Which of the following is a sign of borderline personality disorder? unstable emotions Which is a defining symptom of antisocial personality disorder? no regard for other people's rights or feelings Paris is manipulative and impulsive. She frequently steals or commits minor crimes and feels no remorse. What personality disorder seems to describe her? antisocial personality disorder Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a lack of regard for other people's rights or feelings. People with ADHD show less activity of the neurotransmitter ________. dopamine Genetic and neurological factors have a ________ impact on ADHD compared to social or environmental factors. greater Which disorder includes symptoms of inattentiveness and impulsive behavior? ADHD James is 6 years old and in first grade. His teacher notices that he has serious problems relating to adults and other children. He won't make eye contact with other people and barely speaks. He often fidgets and wiggles his fingers when he sits at his desk. He gets very upset whenever his teacher doesn't follow the usual classroom schedule. She has spoken to his parents about it, and they told her that he has had trouble communicating with others since he was a toddler. His pediatrician noticed that James's limited level of communication is abnormal compared to other children his age. Autism spectrum disorder Javier is an 8 year old boy in third grade. His parents knew for some time that he was different than other children. Javier didn't appear to demonstrate or reciprocate with feelings of love and affection and lacked expression on his face. He would often choose to play by himself, rather than with others, and would get confused and frustrated often when he was around other children because he didn't understand what they were trying to communicate or how to appropriately interact with them. Javier has developed a special interest in dinosaurs and knows many of their names, eating habits, behaviors, and any other relevant information. He also has a large vocabulary and does well on his school assignments. Which disorder best fits this description? Autism spectrum disorder Which of the following is an example of behavior consistent with someone who has autism? Joshua has a hard time relating to others, is an expert on bugs, and gets angry if the drive to school takes longer than the normal 10 minutes. Which is a major reason that parents do not want to vaccinate their children for fear of them developing autism? A medical journal published an article saying autism was linked with the MMR vaccine. Recent studies on autism show that there is no correlation between vaccines and autism Which of the following is the best example of a specific phobia? fear of snakes Which of the following describes PTSD? a stressful event causes intrusive memories, detachment, flashbacks, and outbursts
Which of the following is a severe psychotic disorder characterized by a complete breakdown in one's ability to function in life? schizophrenia Malik shows no sign of anxiety or stress, but his normal temperament seems a bit odd. He distrusts others, mostly sticks to himself, and is often described by others as strange. Which disorder may best fit Malik's behavior? schizotypal personality disorder Which personality disorder is the most controversial? dissociative identity disorder Students also viewedUnit 1: Topic 1 - Psych Sci A74 terms MissWhy0 Unit 1: Topic 2 - The role of the Brain89 terms MissWhy0 Unit 1: Topic 3 - Cognitive Development33 terms MissWhy0 Unit 2: Topic 3 - Diagnosis49 terms MissWhy0 Other sets by this creatorChapter 5: Vision88 terms AerisViin Chapter 4 Mindtap Quiz20 terms AerisViin Psychology ch 10 Therapy and Treatment39 terms AerisViin Psychology ch 9 Psychological Disorders80 terms AerisViin Verified questionspsychology Which of the following is the best term or phrase for a false belief, often of persecution, that may accompany psychotic disorders? a. Psychosis. b. Schizophrenia. c. Delusion. d. Split mind. e. Dissociative identity disorder. Verified answer psychology In classical conditioning, the unconditioned stimulus a. naturally triggers a response. b. is a naturally occurring response. c. is initially irrelevant, and then comes to trigger a response. d. objectively studies psychology. e. is Pavlovian. Verified answer
psychology Have you ever hallucinated a sight or sound—perhaps when you were very tired or upset? What did you experience? Why do you suppose you created this particular hallucination? Verified answer
psychology After being married 50 years, Nancy and Bill feel a deep, affectionate attachment to each other after oil that they have shored throughout their marriage. Psychologists would say that they have developed a. passionate love. b. a social script. c. an ingroup bias. d. companionate love. e. GRIT. Verified answer Recommended textbook solutions Myers' Psychology for AP2nd EditionDavid G Myers 900 solutions Consumer Behavior: Buying, Having, Being13th EditionMichael R Solomon 449 solutions Child2nd EditionGabriela Martorell 239 solutions Essentials of Life-Span Development7th EditionJohn Santrock 136 solutions |
ADHD is triggered by genetic and neurological factors and by social or environmental ones Quizlet
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