DescriptionReflect on how psychological principles can help you learn and remember. Why do you think psychologists study animals? What ethical guidelines safeguard human and animal research participants? In your own words, briefly describe the location and function of the temporal lobes. Describe how your life could be affected if your temporal lobes were damaged. What do split-brains reveal about the functions of our two brain hemispheres? can i plz get answers in own words and around 100 words each question and references for them if required. Show d.iii.Why do psychologists study animals, and is it ethical to experiment onanimals?d.iv.Is it ethical to experiment on people? Get answer to your question and much more d.v.Is psychology free of values judgments? Get answer to your question and much more d.vi.Is psychology potentially dangerous? Get answer to your question and much more Get answer to your question and much more Chapter 2B.Neuroscience and behaviora.i.Why do psychologists study biology?a.i.1.Biological psychologists study the links between ourbiology and our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, becauseeverything psychological is simultaneously biological.b.Neural Communicationb.i.What are neurons, and how do they transmit information? Justification of the Research
Personnel
Care and Housing of Laboratory Animals As a scientific and professional organization, APA recognizes the complexities of defining psychological well-being for both human and nonhuman animals. APA does not provide specific guidelines for the maintenance of psychological well-being of research animals, as procedures that are appropriate for a particular species may not be for others. Psychologists who are familiar with the species, relevant literature, federal guidelines, and their institution’s research facility should consider the appropriateness of measures such as social housing and enrichment to maintain or improve psychological well-being of those species.
Acquisition of Laboratory Animals
Experimental Procedures Consideration for the humane treatment and well-being of the laboratory animal should be incorporated into the design and conduct of all procedures involving such animals, while keeping in mind the primary goal of undertaking the specific procedures of the research project—the acquisition of sound, replicable data. The conduct of all procedures is governed by Guideline I (Justification of Research) above.
Field Research Field research that carries a risk of materially altering the behavior of nonhuman animals and/or producing damage to sensitive ecosystems is subject to IACUC approval. Field research, if strictly observational, may not require animal care committee approval (USDA, 2000).
Research in Other Settings Research on captive wildlife or domesticated animals outside the laboratory setting that materially alters the environment or behavior of the nonhuman animals should be subject to IACUC approval (Ng et al., 2019). This includes settings where the principal subjects of the research are humans, but nonhuman animals are used as part of the study, such as research on the efficacy of animal-assisted interventions (AAI) and research conducted in zoos, animal shelters, and so on. If it is not possible to establish an IACUC at the psychologists’ own institution, investigators should seek advice and obtain review from an IACUC of a cooperative institution.
Educational Use of Nonhuman Animals Laboratory exercises as well as classroom demonstrations involving live animals are of great value as instructional aids. Psychologists are encouraged to include instruction and discussion of the ethics and values of nonhuman animal research in relevant courses.
References American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct (2002, amended effective June 1, 2010, and January 1, 2017). http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/ American Veterinary Medical Association. (2008). Guidelines for animal-assisted interventions in healthcare facilities. American Journal of Infection Control, 36(2), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2007.09.005 American Veterinary Medical Association. (2020). AVMA guidelines for the euthanasia of animals. https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/2020-01/2020-Euthanasia-Final-1-17-20.pdf Animal Welfare Act 7 U.S.C. § 2131 et seq. http://awic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=3&tax_level=3&tax_subject=182&topic_id=1118&level3_id=6735 Institute for Laboratory Animal Research. (2011). Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals (8th ed.). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press Lefebvre, S. L., Peregrine, A. S., Golab, G. C., Gumley, N. R., WaltnerToews, D., & Weese, J. S. (2008). A veterinary perspective on the recently published guidelines for animal-assisted interventions in health-care facilities. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 233(3), 394-402. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.233.3.394 National Institutes of Health Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. (2015). Public Health Service Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Bethesda, MD: NIH. https://olaw.nih.gov/policies-laws/phs-policy.htm National Research Council. (2006). Guidelines for the humane transportation of research animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Ng, Z., Morse, L., Albright, J., Viera, A., & Souza, M. (2019). Describing the use of animals in animal-assisted intervention research. Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science, 22(4), 364-376. Russell W.M.S., & Burch, R. L. (1959). The principles of humane experimental technique. Wheathampstead (UK): Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. U.S. Department of Agriculture. (1989). Animal welfare; Final Rules. Federal Register, 54(168), (Aug 31, 1989), 36112-36163. U.S. Department of Agriculture. (1990). Guinea pigs, hamsters, and rabbits; Final Rules. Federal Register, 55(136), (July 16, 1990), 28879- 28884. U.S. Department of Agriculture. (1991). Animal welfare; Standards; Part 3, Final Rules. Federal Register, 55(32), (Feb 15, 1991), 6426-6505. U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2000). Field study; Definition; Final Rules. Federal Register, 65(27), (Feb 9, 2000), 6312-6314. U.S. Public Health Service. (2015). Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. https://olaw.nih.gov/sites/default/ files/PHSPolicyLabAnimals.pdf Additional ResourcesDess, N. K., & Foltin, R. W. (2004). The ethics cascade. In C. K. Akins, S. Panicker, & C. L. Cunningham (Eds.). Laboratory animals in research and teaching: Ethics, care, and methods (pp. 31-39). APA. National Institutes of Mental Health. (2002). Methods and welfare considerations in behavioral research with animals: Report of a National Institutes of Health Workshop. Morrison, A. R., Evans, H. L., Ator, N. A., & Nakamura, R. K. (Eds.). NIH Publications No. 02-5083. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. National Research Council. (2011). Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. (8th ed.). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. National Research Council. (2003). Guidelines for the care and use of mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. National Research Council. (2008). Recognition and alleviation of distress in laboratory animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. National Research Council. (2009). Recognition and alleviation of pain in laboratory animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Guidelines for Ethical Conduct in the Care and Use of Nonhuman Animals in Research was developed by the American Psychological Association Committee on Animal Research and Ethics in 2020 and 2021. Members on the committee were Rita Colwill, PhD, Juan Dominguez, PhD, Kevin Freeman, PhD, Pamela Hunt, PhD, Agnès Lacreuse, PhD, Peter Pierre, PhD, Tania Roth, PhD, Malini Suchak, PhD, and Sangeeta Panicker, PhD (Staff Liaison). Inquiries about these guidelines should be made to the American Psychological Association, Science Directorate, Office of Research Ethics, 750 First Street, NE, Washington, DC 20002, or via e-mail at . Copyright © 2022 by the American Psychological Association. Approved by the APA Council of Representatives, February 2022. What are the ethical guidelines that safeguard animal research?American Psychological Association (APA) guidelines state that researchers must ensure the “comfort, health, and humane treatment” of animals and minimize “infection, illness, and pain” (APA, 2002).
Why do psychologist study animals?Animal research continues to play a vital role in psychology, enabling discoveries of basic psychological and physiological processes that are important for living healthy lives.
What ethical guidelines safeguard human research subjects?Guiding Principles for Ethical Research. Social and clinical value.. Scientific validity.. Fair subject selection.. Favorable risk-benefit ratio.. Independent review.. Informed consent.. Respect for potential and enrolled subjects.. What are some of the ethical guidelines for research in psychology with non human animals?Make reasonable efforts to minimize the discomfort, infection, illness and pain of animal subjects. Use a procedure subjecting animals to pain, stress or privation only when an alternative procedure is unavailable and the goal is justified by its prospective scientific, educational or applied value.
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