Which theory asserts that each individuals deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs?

Key Terms

anorexia nervosaeating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercisebariatric surgerytype of surgery that modifies the gastrointestinal system to reduce the amount of food that can be eaten and/or limiting how much of the digested food can be absorbedbasolateral complexpart of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memorybinge eating disordertype of eating disorder characterized by binge eating and associated distressbisexualemotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individualsbody languageemotional expression through body position or movementbulimia nervosatype of eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purgingCannon-Bard theory of emotionphysiological arousal and emotional experience occur at the same timecentral nucleuspart of the brain involved in attention and has connections with the hypothalamus and various brainstem areas to regulate the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems’ activitycognitive-mediational theoryour emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimuluscomponents of emotionphysiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experiencecultural display ruleone of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of emotions that are acceptabledistorted body imageindividuals view themselves as overweight even though they are notdrive theorydeviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need and ultimately bring the system back to homeostasisemotionsubjective state of being often described as feelingsexcitementphase of the sexual response cycle that involves sexual arousalextrinsic motivationmotivation that arises from external factors or rewardsfacial feedback hypothesisfacial expressions are capable of influencing our emotionsgender dysphoriadiagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify as the gender associated with their biological sexgender identityindividual’s sense of being male or femalehabitpattern of behavior in which we regularly engageheterosexualemotional and erotic attractions to opposite-sexed individualshierarchy of needsspectrum of needs ranging from basic biological needs to social needs to self-actualizationhomosexualemotional and erotic attractions to same-sexed individualsinstinctspecies-specific pattern of behavior that is unlearnedintrinsic motivationmotivation based on internal feelings rather than external rewardsJames-Lange theory of emotionemotions arise from physiological arousalleptinsatiety hormonemetabolic rateamount of energy that is expended in a given period of timemorbid obesity adult with a BMI over 40motivationwants or needs that direct behavior toward some goalobeseadult with a BMI of 30 or higherorgasmpeak phase of the sexual response cycle associated with rhythmic muscle contractions (and ejaculation)overweightadult with a BMI between 25 and 29.9plateauphase of the sexual response cycle that falls between excitement and orgasmpolygraphlie detector test that measures physiological arousal of individuals as they answer a series of questionsrefractory periodtime immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasmresolutionphase of the sexual response cycle following orgasm during which the body returns to its unaroused statesatiationfullness; satisfactionSchachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotionemotions consist of two factors: physiological and cognitiveself-efficacyindividual’s belief in his own capabilities or capacities to complete a taskset point theoryassertion that each individual has an ideal body weight, or set point, that is resistant to changesexual orientationemotional and erotic attraction to same-sexed individuals, opposite-sexed individuals, or bothsexual response cycledivided into 4 phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolutiontransgender hormone therapyuse of hormones to make one’s body look more like the opposite-sexYerkes-Dodson lawsimple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, while complex tasks are best performed when arousal is lower