Terms in this set (210)The crime control approach is consistent with the following except: Police officers serve all the people. The crime control and due process models were developed by: Herbert Packer
According to Packer, which of the following is one of the principles under which the crime control model operates? A conveyor belt is the model for the system. According to Packer, which of the following is one of the principles under which the due process model operates? Protection of the process is as important as protection of citizens The public servant model of policing includes all the following except which? Police should focus on processing cases through the system as efficiently as possible. A shift in police focus away from serving political bosses and toward serving the law was a characteristic of the: professional era In relation to community policing and ethics, all of the following is true except: community policing models often foster more corruption than traditional law enforcement models A model of law enforcement that addresses underlying problems rather than simply enforcing the law is referred to as: community policing The concepts of community policing, problem-oriented policing, and accountability mechanisms are components of which model of policing? preventive policing Authority is defined as: the unquestionable entitlement to be obeyed that comes from fulfilling a specific role ___________ is the right of people in certain roles to use any means to overcome resistance. Power Persuasion is defined as: the use of signs, symbols, words, and arguments to induce compliance. Force is defined as: the use of physical coercion to overcome the will of the individual. According to Klockars, what are the four elements of police power? power, persuasion, force, and authority Cohen and Feldberg include all of the following as ethical standards derived from the social contract except: efficiency Cohen and Feldberg proposed five ethical standards that can be derived from the social contract between society and the individuals. Which of the following is not one of these standards? equality The policing strategy that utilizes data analysis to drive decision-making in order to prevent crime is known as: intelligence-led policing. ______________ is different from the other three means of control in that it is physical. Force Wilson's descriptions of the various types of police include all of the following except which? service Muir's typology of police styles includes which of the following: the watchman In Muir's typology of police styles, the professional: balanced coercion with compassion. In Brown's typology of police styles, the old-style crime fighters: are concerned only with action that might be considered crime control. In Muir's typology of police styles, the reciprocator: had citizens solve problems and made deals to keep the peace. In Brown's typology of police styles, which type of officer emphasizes public order and peace officer tasks? the service-style officer The four major themes of formal ethical codes for law enforcement include all except: education. The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics and the Oath of Honor were developed by: the International Association of Chiefs of Police. The "blue curtain of secrecy" refers to: the practice of police officers to remain silent when fellow officers commit unethical actions. Souryal argued that there are different kinds of loyalty to superiors or to fellow officers, including all of the following except: fragmented loyalty. Which of the following statements about police subculture is false? Decreasing crime rates have reduced the need for a "code of silence" Scheingold points to each of the following as a contributing factor to the development of the police subculture except: police perceive themselves as receiving unfair treatment from the media. A new police chief is sworn in. The city has been plagued with street crime and a poor relationship with the community. He has pledged to reduce crime and improve public satisfaction. Assume the new chief sets up a D.A.R.E. program with the local schools, orders 25 percent of his patrol officers to switch to foot patrol, and sets up a citizens' advisory board. These actions would be consistent with: community policing. A new police chief is sworn in. The city has been plagued with street crime and a poor relationship with the community. He has pledged to reduce crime and improve public satisfaction. The concept of "divine right" refers to: the idea that people are indistinguishable from the office they hold. A new police chief is sworn in. The city has been plagued with street crime and a poor relationship with the community. He has pledged to reduce crime and improve public satisfaction. If the chief invests in new technologies such as GIS mapping software and data analysis tools, in order to better deploy police resources, this would be known as: predictive policing. A new police chief is sworn in. The city has been plagued with street crime and a poor relationship with the community. He has pledged to reduce crime and improve public satisfaction. If the chief wants to pursue an intelligence-led policing strategy, he would: increase surveillance of known criminal organizations. Roland is a police officer in pursuit of a fleeing rape suspect. The chase is on foot, and Roland is a much faster runner than his partner. He catches the suspect out of sight of his partner. When his partner, Ted, arrives on the scene, he observes Roland striking the suspect, despite the fact that the suspect is already in handcuffs. Ted chooses not to report his partner. He arrived at this decision by deciding that the greater good is served by preserving the rapist's conviction, rather than risk losing it due to an excessive force complaint. Ted does believe that Roland acted improperly, but decides that the community is better off if the rapist is incarcerated than if a complaint is pursued against an otherwise excellent officer. Ted's decision is consistent with: utilitarianism. Roland is a police officer in pursuit of a fleeing rape suspect. The chase is on foot, and Roland is a much faster runner than his partner. He catches the suspect out of sight of his partner. When his partner, Ted, arrives on the scene, he observes Roland striking the suspect, despite the fact that the suspect is already in handcuffs. The suspect does file a complaint with Internal Affairs, and Ted is questioned about the incident. Ted tells the investigator that he observed nothing out of the ordinary: When he arrived at the scene the suspect was in custody and Roland was reading him his rights. This is an example of: the blue curtain of secrecy. Roland is a police officer in pursuit of a fleeing rape suspect. The chase is on foot, and Roland is a much faster runner than his partner. He catches the suspect out of sight of his partner. When his partner, Ted, arrives on the scene, he observes Roland striking the suspect, despite the fact that the suspect is already in handcuffs. When the case comes to trial, Ted maintains his story on the witness stand. This is known informally as: "testifying."
Roland is a police officer in pursuit of a fleeing rape suspect. The chase is on foot, and Roland is a much faster runner than his partner. He catches the suspect out of sight of his partner. When his partner, Ted, arrives on the scene, he observes Roland striking the suspect, despite the fact that the suspect is already in handcuffs. Ted understands that committing perjury in this case is wrong, and technically qualifies as corruption. What type of corruption is this? "noble-cause" corruption Our new police chief has determined that the strong police subculture and code of silence are detrimental to the department. According to the text, all of the following methods would help the new chief weaken the existing subculture except: emphasizing formal ethics training in the police academy Our new police chief has determined that the strong police subculture and code of silence are detrimental to the department. If the chief institutes a policy to help officers with stress, anger, or substance abuse, rather than seek to terminate or punish them, this policy would be consistent with: ethics of care The crime control paradigm of policing is most consistent with ethical formalism. False Cohen and Feldberg believe that the justification for police power comes from natural law. False According to the text, fewer than 10 percent of SWAT team deployments are in response to hostage, barricade, or active shooter situations. True The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics is focused more directly on the public servant role, as opposed to the crime fighter role. True The four themes found in formal codes of ethics for law enforcement are fairness, service, importance of law, and continuing education. False According to Scheingold, the values of police subculture are like dominant American values, only they are more extreme. True Reuss-Ianni found that the informal subculture of police enforced the notion that managers were not to be trusted. True Studies cited in the text show that police choose not to make an arrest in a large number of cases where an arrest would be legally justified. True Muir's police types included the professional, the reciprocating officer, the enforcer, and the clean-beat officer. False Brown and Muir both included the "peacemaker" officer in their typologies. False Loyalty to groups or persons is logical and based on fact, not emotion. False One of the key principles of Packer's crime control model is that repression of criminal behavior is more important than procedural justice. True A perception of the police officer as public servant implies a much more restrictive view of the use of force and police power. True "Testilying" is the practice of lying to a suspect in order to elicit information or a confession. False In the early days of American policing, the police performed social services such as housing indigents and running soup kitchens. True
An unquestionable entitlement to be obeyed that comes from fulfilling a specific role is called _______________. authority The term ______________ means to have the power to make a decision between two or more choices. discretion A program where officers and members of the public form partnerships to address problems and prevent crime is called a(n) ________________________ program community policing According to the author, _______________ is a perception that everyone is weak or corrupt. cynicism The responsibilities that are attached to a specific role are called __________. duties The term used to describe the use of physical power to overcome the will of another individual is ______________. force The use of sign, symbols, words and arguments to induce compliance is called ______________. persuasion __________________ is the right, inherent in one's role, to use any means to overcome resistance. Power Packer's ______________ model of policing suggests that police focus on efficiently processing cases against offenders who are presumed to be guilty. crime control Kraska and Balko have documented an observation that American police have become increasingly ______________ over the last 30 years. militarized Because a crime control model serves the greater good by protecting citizens, the idea that just about any practices are allowed in the pursuit of law enforcement is consistent with a(n) ____________ view of ethics. utilitarian ________________ were divisions within some police departments that spied on organizations thought to be promoting socialism. Red squads One argument against allowing officers to accept _________________ is the perception that they may lead to special treatment. gratuities An element of the police subculture is that some officers see themselves as victims, due to low pay and ___________ that seem to favor offenders. procedural rules Improper police behavior in the pursuit of fighting crime, such as falsifying information to obtain a warrant, is known as ____________ corruption. noble-cause Which of the following statements is false? Hispanics are less likely than blacks to report feeling that the police would treat them fairly. In May 2010, Arizona passed a controversial law requiring police officers in the state to: ask for proof of citizenship or residency if there was reasonable suspicion that the person was an illegal immigrant. Which ethical system is most likely to support the harassing and inconveniencing of a racial minority group because it being done in the pursuit of a justifiable goal such as preventing terrorism? a utilitarian system In Barker and Carter's typology of lies, accepted lies are: those used during undercover investigations. In confrontations between police and citizens, research has shown that factors leading to disrespectful interaction include each of the following except: time of day. In Barker and Carter's proposed typology of lies, those that are considered "necessary evils" are known as: tolerated lies. According to Barker and Carter, accepted lies must meet all of the following standards except: those involved in the lie must reveal the truth as soon as it becomes safe to do so. Lies that are used to control a suspect or to avoid the use of force are called: blue lies. According to Klockars, lying to a mentally ill person by telling him/her that the police will take care of laser beams from Mars is an example of: police placebos Which of the following is not included in Barker and Carter's typology of lies? normative lies In Barker and Carter's proposed typology of lies, "deviant lies" are: those used in the courtroom to make a case or cover up a wrongdoing. Civilians who are used to obtain facts and intelligence about criminal activity and/or participate in it so evidence can be obtained for an arrest are called: informants. Which of the following statements is true? One of the biggest problems with informants is that their reliability is often highly questionable. The strongest ethical argument against undercover officers having intimate relationships with suspects comes from: ethics of care. According to South, some of the ethical problems with informants include all of the following except: falsely complimenting the informant to make him feel essential to the operation. The term "entrapment" refers to an incident wherein an otherwise innocent person commits an illegal act because: of police encouragement or enticement. There are two approaches used to determine whether entrapment has occurred: the objective and the subjective approaches In order to determine whether entrapment has occurred, the_____________ approach examines the government's participation and whether it has exceeded accepted legal standards. objective The ______________ approach looks at the defendant's background, character, and predisposition toward crime to determine if entrapment occurred. subjective In the case of United States v. Russell (1972), which approach to determine entrapment did the U.S. Supreme Court endorse? the subjective approach According to the objective approach, if the state provided an "essential element" that made the crime possible, or if there was extensive and coercive pressure on the defendant to engage in criminal actions, a court might rule that: entrapment had occurred. The continuum-of-force approach allows the officer to: employ increasing levels of force in direct response to escalating resistance of the suspect. In terms of undercover operations, ethical formalism would most likely: condemn undercover operations where innocent people are deceived because the actions could not be justified under the categorical imperative. Which of the following statements about interrogations is true? The "third degree" is no longer officially allowed. The classic father confessor approach to interrogations involves: a sympathetic figure for the defendant to confide to. The use of physical force to obtain a conviction became illegal with which Supreme Court case? Brown v. Mississippi According to the text, the most common reasons for false convictions include all of the following except: inaccurate reporting in the media. Which of the following statements about use-of-force statistics is false? The vast majority of people believe that excessive force is used fairly frequently. Which one of the following is not a true statement about civil lawsuits? Civil suits cannot be used against police for disciplinary reasons unless accompanied by a criminal charge. According to research provided in the text, which of the following is not a factor associated with the use of force by police? time of year (season) Midland County has become a major thoroughfare for distributors of crystal methamphetamine. Sheriff Johnson has put together a profile of meth dealers and distributors, specifically identifying their tendency to travel by motorcycle or older-model van, and noting they often sport tattoos and facial hair. He has instructed his deputies to be on the lookout for people matching this profile. When challenged, Sheriff Johnson explained that the goal of protecting society by interdicting illegal drugs outweighs the inconvenience suffered by innocent people who may be stopped and harassed. This explanation represents which ethical system? utilitarianism Midland County has become a major thoroughfare for distributors of crystal methamphetamine. Sheriff Johnson has put together a profile of meth dealers and distributors, specifically identifying their tendency to travel by motorcycle or older-model van, and noting they often sport tattoos and facial hair. He has instructed his deputies to be on the lookout for people matching this profile. A citizen who objects to the plan points out that the sheriff might dismiss it as an "inconvenience" to innocent people but that he would probably not agree that he himself and members of his family should be subjected to such suspicion and treatment. This citizen is making the __________________ argument against the policy. universality Midland County has become a major thoroughfare for distributors of crystal methamphetamine. Sheriff Johnson has put together a profile of meth dealers and distributors, specifically identifying their tendency to travel by motorcycle or older-model van, and noting they often sport tattoos and facial hair. He has instructed his deputies to be on the lookout for people matching this profile. The Midland County Sheriff's practice of stopping motorists who meet the profile for a minor infraction, with the hope of catching some in possession of methamphetamine, is known as: pretext stop. Midland County has become a major thoroughfare for distributors of crystal methamphetamine. Sheriff Johnson has put together a profile of meth dealers and distributors, specifically identifying their tendency to travel by motorcycle or older-model van, and noting they often sport tattoos and facial hair. He has instructed his deputies to be on the lookout for people matching this profile. According to the text, while many people would oppose the use of profiling for the purpose of drug interdiction, they would support the same process if it were a response to. terrorism Prior to the 2004 Republican convention in New York, undercover officers infiltrated activist groups that they believed might cause problems during the convention. Officers attended meetings, made friends, signed petitions, and then reported on the groups' activities to supervisors. In order to support such a plan from a utilitarian viewpoint, all of the following must be true, except: the general community must be consulted and indicate its approval. Prior to the 2004 Republican convention in New York, undercover officers infiltrated activist groups that they believed might cause problems during the convention. Officers attended meetings, made friends, signed petitions, and then reported on the groups' activities to supervisors. All of the following ethical systems would reject this plan, except: utilitarianism Prior to the 2004 Republican convention in New York, undercover officers infiltrated activist groups that they believed might cause problems during the convention. Officers attended meetings, made friends, signed petitions, and then reported on the groups' activities to supervisors. The operation described in this case can be described as a(n) ____________. proactive investigation
A bomb exploded at the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia, killing one and wounding more than 100. The FBI conducted an investigation and within days, Richard Jewell was identified as a suspect. After several months, the Justice Department announced that Jewell was no longer a suspect. Jewell was publicly scorned, and followed incessantly by the media and law enforcement for the three months that he was believed to be the bomber. Evidence in the case was interpreted in such a way as to support the idea that Jewell was guilty. For example, Jewell was known to have seen the bag containing the bomb before it detonated, and moved people from the area. This life-saving act was seen as evidence that he was the bomber, because the investigators believed that he had planted the bomb in order to be able to be seen as a hero for saving people. According to the author, the tendency to ignore contrary evidence or overstate existing evidence when investigators believe they have identified the guilty party is a practice of: utilitarian ends-oriented investigators. A bomb exploded at the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia, killing one and wounding more than 100. The FBI conducted an investigation and within days, Richard Jewell was identified as a suspect. After several months, the Justice Department announced that Jewell was no longer a suspect. Jewell was publicly scorned and followed incessantly by the media and law enforcement for the three months that he was believed to be the bomber. Evidence in the case was interpreted in such a way as to support the idea that Jewell was guilty. For example, Jewell was known to have seen the bag containing the bomb before it detonated and moved people from the area. This life-saving act was seen as evidence that he was the bomber because the investigators believed that he had planted the bomb in order to be able to be seen as a hero for saving people. In this case, the FBI was under intense scrutiny from the public, which demanded a resolution to the investigation. This public pressure may have led to the premature naming of a suspect. When investigators are committed to a conclusion, they may be tempted to engage in " " corruption and alter evidence to ensure a conviction. noble-cause A bomb exploded at the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia, killing one and wounding more than 100. The FBI conducted an investigation and within days, Richard Jewell was identified as a suspect. After several months, the Justice Department announced that Jewell was no longer a suspect. Jewell was publicly scorned, and followed incessantly by the media and law enforcement for the three months that he was believed to be the bomber. Evidence in the case was interpreted in such a way as to support the idea that Jewell was guilty. For example, Jewell was known to have seen the bag containing the bomb before it detonated, and moved people from the area. This life-saving act was seen as evidence that he was the bomber, because the investigators believed that he had planted the bomb in order to be able to be seen as a hero for saving people. The operation described in this case can be described as a(n) . reactive investigation In asset forfeiture cases, most property is seized through civil asset forfeiture actions that require less due process than criminal procedures. True Telling a complainant that a tinfoil helmet will stop "gamma rays" from "messing up" his brain is an example of a police placebo lie. True Police are required to divulge the name of the informant on affidavits for search warrants unless there is evidence that revealing the informant's identity would be dangerous. False The Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA) developed standards that guide the use of informants. True The fact that the suspect had a prior history of committing the same crime would be considered significant in the subjective test for entrapment. True Schoeman, in criticizing the exploitation of personal relationships in undercover operations, argues from a utilitarian perspective. False Research conducted in 2014 shows a decrease in the percentage of blacks expressing "very little" confidence in their local police to treat blacks and whites equally, compared to five years earlier. False Deontological ethics would focus on the duty of the officer when determining whether physical coercion or deception is ethically justified. True Research indicates that police officers who use greater than average amounts of force often exhibit a lack of empathy and antisocial tendencies. True The U.S. Supreme Court has defined legal force as force that is objectively reasonable. True Research indicates that use-of-force incidents are evenly distributed among all patrol officers. False A "CED" is a formal complaint procedure resulting from an incident of excessive force. False According to research cited in the text, both black and white officers were significantly more likely to perceive black drivers as disrespectful, noncompliant, and/or resistant. True Entrapment occurs when an otherwise innocent person commits an illegal act because of police encouragement or enticement. True Most ethical dilemmas that police officers face derive from their powers of discretion. True _______________ , as defined by Klockars, are lies that are told to make a job easier or to control a person. Blue lies Klockars' concept of ____________ refers to situations in which the police officer's lies are in the best interest of those being lied to. placebos ____________ are civilians who are used to obtain information about criminal activity and/or participate in it so that evidence can be obtained during an investigation. Informants The term ____________ refers to a situation where an otherwise innocent person is enticed or encouraged by police to commit a crime. entrapment Characteristics such as the suspect's demeanor, possession of a weapon, intoxication, and emotionality seem to be correlated with ___________________. use of force When forensics labs "make up" scientific results without actually running any tests, it is referred to as __________. drylabbing A legal killing, most often performed by a law enforcement officer, is known as a(n) ___________________ homicide. justifiable "Reasonable" force is defined as that which is proportional to _______________. resistance Research shows that the frequency of use-of-force events varies by region, with the highest rate of occurrence in the _______________. South The _______________ approach allows a proportional force to the suspect's resistance, with increasing levels of force by the officer in direct response to escalating resistance of the suspect. continuum-of-force Evidence indicates that _______________ and skill are more effective than persuasion in getting suspects to confess deception A ____________ refers to the practice of police officers using some minor traffic offense as a justification to stop the individual and, in the course of the traffic stop, look for evidence of wrongdoing. pretext stop ____________ was the landmark Supreme Court case that resulted in the requirement of prosecutors to disclose potentially exculpatory information to the defense. Brady v. Maryland In ____________ police investigations, police officers initiate investigations rather than simply respond to crimes. proactive According to the text, juveniles are especially prone to ____________ manipulation. psychological "Baksheesh," which is an expected procedure in many developing countries, is another term for: graft Murphy and Caplan argue that each of the following societal factors lead to police corruption, except: unfair reporting in the news media. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is: a pre-employment screening tool used by law enforcement. The Knapp Commission coined the term "grass eaters" to refer to officers who did all of the following except: taking valuable items from crime scenes. The term "grass eaters" refers to police officers in: New York City officers who accepted bribes, gratuities, and protection money. A study of police ethics around the world revealed that in the United States, the offense considered most serious by the officers surveyed was: stealing from a crime scene Barker and Carter proposed that police abuse of authority comes in all of the following areas except: sexual abuse. According to Barker and Carter, harassment and ridicule are examples of which of the following types of abuse? psychological abuse According to Barker and Carter, unlawful searchers or seizures are examples of which of the following types of abuse? legal abuse Some new officers experience cynicism when they encounter citizen disrespect, bureaucratic barriers, and the realities of the justice system. This can lead them to distrust the department's administration and the citizens of the community, leaving them more prone to corruption. This process is known as the continuum of compromise. Which of the following is not one of the "Big Five" personality traits? punctuality Fyfe and Kane's list of types of police misconduct includes all of the following except: false disability claims. According to Fyfe and Kane, "conduct-related probationary failures" is: simple failure to meet job expectations. According to Fyfe and Kane, on-duty abuse is: the use of excessive force, psychological abuse, or discrimination. Items of value received by an individual because of his or her role or position rather than because of a personal relationship with the giver are called: gratuities Kania believes that gratuities should be allowed because: they cement social bonds. Ethical formalism would reject a policy of allowing gratuities if they: are offered for the purpose of receiving a later favor. An important distinction between a gift and a gratuity is that a gift is: clearly given with no strings attached. The practice of declining to issue a ticket to an off-duty officer who is stopped for speeding or for other driving violations is called: professional courtesy. Which of the following is not considered graft? taking merchandize from a crime scene In Barker and Carter's study, they found that up to what percent of police may have used drugs on duty? 20 According to Carter, the elements of police work that can lead to drug use include all of the following except: time spent in traffic patrol duties. "Graft" is defined in the text as the exploitation of one's role by: accepting bribes, kickbacks, or protection money. A comparison of the rates of sexual harassment in policing finds: women in policing experience harassment at a higher rate than women in the general workforce. The Buddy Boys operated in which city? New York According to the text, explanations of corruption include all of the following except: subcultural explanations. A consent decree is an agreement between a local police department and: the U.S. Department of Justice. Research on abuse and corruption complains finds that: these activities are disproportionally engaged in by a small number of officers. The "rotten bushel" explanation is which type of explanation for police deviance? individual Lack of background checks, poor internal discipline procedures, and poor supervision are all examples of what type of explanations for police deviance? organizational You are an Internal Affairs officer investigating corruption in the city police department. You have been assigned to ride along as a partner to Officer Jones, who has a reputation for being corrupt. Officer Jones has been told that you are a patrol officer who has been transferred from another district within the department. While on patrol, Officer Jones stops a car for speeding and running a red light. You observe the interaction between Officer Jones and the driver. Jones allows the driver to leave without penalty. When you ask why he gave the driver a break, Jones tells you that the driver turned out to be a fellow police officer. By letting him go without a citation, Jones has demonstrated which type of corruption? professional courtesy You are an Internal Affairs officer investigating corruption in the city police department. You have been assigned to ride along as a partner to Officer Jones, who has a reputation for being corrupt. Officer Jones has been told that you are a patrol officer who has been transferred from another district within the department. At break time, you and Officer Jones stop for coffee and a snack at a local diner. When it is time to return to patrol, you are surprised to see Officer Jones get up and leave without paying. He explains that the owner of the diner doesn't charge police officers, which is why he chose that particular diner. This is an illustration of: gratuity While on patrol, Officer Jones notices a car that is parked illegally. He uses his cell phone to call a towing company, identifying himself as a "friend" on the phone. When the tow truck arrives, the driver thanks Officer Jones for calling in the job, and discreetly hands him a twenty-dollar bill. This is an example of: graft If any of the above scenarios were arranged specifically to observe Officer Jones to see how he would react to an opportunity for misconduct, the activity would be an example of a: targeted integrity test. After completing your observations of Officer Jones, you are asked to summarize your observations for a study being conducted by an ethicist studying police behavior. In the above example regarding the driver who ran the red light, we could say that Jones' actions were unethical because he had a duty to enforce the law. This viewpoint would be consistent with a(n) ___________
ethical system. deontological After completing your observations of Officer Jones, you are asked to summarize your observations for a study being conducted by an ethicist studying police behavior. Let's assume that the driver turned out to be an undercover police officer who was engaged in surveillance. Jones intended at first to write a citation. However, when he found out the driver was an officer, he decided to let him go, so that the undercover officer would not have attention drawn to him while Jones wrote the citation. Jones decided that letting the officer go would best serve the greater good. This would be consistent with: utilitarianism After completing your observations of Officer Jones, you are asked to summarize your observations for a study being conducted by an ethicist studying police behavior. Assume that the waitress at the diner was new and did not know about Officer Jones' arrangement with the owner. She brought a check for the food and coffee, and Officer Jones grudgingly paid. Because the choice of the diner was motivated by Officer Jones' desire for a free meal, ______________ would consider his actions immoral even though he paid. ethical formalism You have been hired to consult with the new chief of a police department that has been fraught with complaints of officer misconduct. The chief explains that the department has its own section dedicated to monitoring the department's officers and investigating complaints. This is known as: the internal affairs model. You have been hired to consult with the new chief of a police department that has been fraught with complaints of officer misconduct. After reviewing the reports of officer misconduct, you determine that they seem to be individual acts for the most part. You recommend an improved screening process, random integrity tests, and a process of reviewing use-of- force reports in order to detect possible warning signs. This approach is known as a ______________ response. rotten-apple You have been hired to consult with the new chief of a police department that has been fraught with complaints of officer misconduct. You draft recommendations to improve the hiring process. You advise the chief that one particular category of recruits was more likely to be terminated during probation. Which group is this? recruits under the age of 22 Studies indicate that gratuities do not influence the way that officers patrol. False There is no evidence to indicate that police behavior is influenced by the possibility of civil lawsuits. True Transparency International finds that the country with the highest integrity scores for their law enforcement agencies include the United States. False In the international study of police integrity, officers in the United States rated theft from crime scenes as the most serious form of misconduct. True Kania believes that every officer goes through a slippery slope where small lapses lead to larger acts of corruption. False A gift is different from a gratuity. True In Macintyre and Prenzler's study of whether police officers would issue a ticket to a business owner who gave them gratuities, less than half said they would issue the ticket. True Research shows that there is no relation between an officer's level of education and the number of citizen complaints received. False Noble-cause corruption is a type of organizational level explanation for police deviance. True According to Gilmartin and Harris, an officer's "continuum of compromise" begins when he or she perceives a sense of victimization on the job. True Because gratuities are seen as a gateway to more serious corruption, all American police departments have strict "no gratuities" policies. False According to a 2006 study of police in New York City, the most common reason for termination was a failed drug test. True Police officers with criminal records for sexual offenses are prevented from obtaining law enforcement positions in other jurisdictions. False Greene's study showed that the area an officer patrols is associated with the likelihood of receiving discipline, complaints, or becoming involved in police shootings. True An operation in which a police officer is placed in a position where he or she might be tempted to break a rule or a law and is monitored to see what he or she will do is known as a "graft check." False When one acts upon opportunities created by one's authority for the purpose of personal gain at the expense of the public, it is called ________________. corruption The phrase ________________ was used by the Knapp Commission to describe NYC police officers who were taking bribes, gratuities, and unsolicited protection money and who were fairly passive in their deviant practices. grass eaters The phrase ________________ was used by the Knapp Commission to describe deviant NYC police officers who engaged in shakedowns, shopped at burglary scenes, and engaged in more serious practices. meat eaters ________________ are items of value received by an individual because of his or her role or position rather than because of a personal relationship with the giver. Gratuities Experiences such as witnessing the death of a fellow officer or accidentally killing a bystander can cause ________________ , which produces symptoms such as flashbacks and anger control issues. PTSD The computerized crime-counting program known as _______________ was designed to hold police officials accountable for their department's effectiveness, which led some to make improper arrests to bolster their numbers. Compstat ___________ refers to any exploitation of one's role, such as accepting bribes, protection money, or kickbacks. Graft Civilian review boards have been in existence since the mid-1960s, yet _____________ continue to strongly oppose them. police unions The ________________ argument states that the officer alone was deviant and that it was simply a mistake to hire him or her. rotten-apple An agreement requiring a police department to adopt reforms mandated by the Department of Justice is known as a(n) ____________________. consent decree Because people tend not to believe them, homeless women and _____________ are especially vulnerable to sexual extortion by police officers. prostitutes In the 1980s, a group of police officers nicknamed the "River Rats" committed a series of armed robberies in ______________. Miami Conflict-of-interest laws recognize the reality that accepting items of value from stakeholders compromises a public official's ________________.
discretion To be ________________ is to lose one's license to serve as a police officer. decertified Regardless of formal ethical codes, police are influenced by the standards of behavior they observe in their ________________. supervisors Students also viewedADJ 133 Study Guide 293 terms celinebenavidez Ethical Decision Making Exam II Chapters 5-790 terms patrick_malone52 CCJ 4054 Chapter 620 terms mportal21 CCJ 4054 Chapter 520 terms mportal21 Sets found in the same folderEthics FInal Ch.97 terms emily_nicole_mathews CJ 300 ch 7 exam25 terms allisondean06 Ethics Final Ch. 11: Corrections41 terms emily_nicole_mathews CJ 300 Ch 825 terms allisondean06 Other sets by this creatorEDFD FINAL10 terms Demetri_Flowers EDFD 209 Midterm17 terms Demetri_Flowers LA 201 FINAL7 terms Demetri_Flowers HST 309 final26 terms Demetri_Flowers Verified questions
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management Daniel's Barber Shop at Newark Airport is open 7 days a week but has fluctuating demand. Daniel Ball is interested in treating his barbers as well as he can with steady work and preferably 5 days of work with two consecutive days off. His analysis of his staffing needs resulted in the following plan. Schedule Daniel's staff with the minimum number of barbers. | DAY | | | | | | | | | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | | | MON. | TUE. | WED. | THU. | FRI. | SAT. | SUN. | |Barbers needed | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 3 | Verified answer
question Briefly describe the financial scandals at Enron, Worldcom, Vivendi, and Parmalat; what other scandals have happened in recent years or months? Verified answer
question A survey of 100 mayonnaise purchasers showed that 65 were loyal to one brand. For 100 bath soap purchasers, only 53 were loyal to one brand. Form a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference of proportions. Does it include zero? Verified answer Recommended textbook solutions Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management12th EditionBarry Render, Chuck Munson, Jay Heizer 1,698 solutions
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Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology7th EditionJames Fitzsimmons, Mona Fitzsimmons 103 solutions Other Quizlet setsEuro Midterm Review (Chapter 12)30 terms Ryan_Hurley4 Lecture 1 - RPD56 terms barsanosPlus Neuroanatomy Exam 428 terms Lauren_Burcl What factors contribute to the police subculture?Police Subculture. - Factors that contribute to police subculture. ... . Organizational Factors. - Work hours make it difficult to associate with people that work a normal shift. ... . The Street Environment. ... . Administration. ... . Other Criminal Justice Agencies. ... . Media. ... . Values and Norms that Characterize Police Subculture.. How does police subculture affect officers?Police subculture is defined as a specific set of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors exhibited by those in law enforcement. They often portray police officers as noble and heroic and their work as dramatic and exciting. This can lead to disillusionment when civilians encounter routine police work or corrupt officers.
What is the police culture or subculture?The concept of the police subculture supposes that police officers adhere to beliefs and behaviors that may be distinct from those of ordinary citizens. Some of the values often associated with the police culture include bravery, solidarity, masculinity, loyalty, and discretion.
What is the police subculture characterized by?The police subculture has been characterized by three major norms: secrecy, solidarity, and social isolation. Secrecy – Police officers involved in many sensitive operations and investigations often require secrecy. However, the issue of secrecy in policing far exceeds that which is necessary for normal operations.
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Which of the following would help a new police chief weaken the existing subculture select one quizlet?
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