Which is a true statement about the synapses in the spinal cord in the stretch reflex quizlet?

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Which is a true statement about the synapses in the spinal cord in the stretch reflex?
What is the stretch reflex quizlet?
Which of the following characterize a stretch reflex quizlet?
How are spinal reflexes related to the spinal cord quizlet?

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Terms in this set (23)

a)Severe whiplash, or acceleration flexion-extension neck injury, may cause numbness, tingling, or weakness in an accident victim's arms. Most injuries happen in the C5 and C6 region. Which nerve plexus would this injury most likely involve?
a) lumbar
b) sacral
c) cervical
d) brachial

d) brachial

A Morton's (plantar) neuroma is a foot condition due to swelling of the common plantar digital nerve. It can cause excruciating pain felt between the third and fourth metatarsal bones when walking. which of the following would NOT be a factor responsible for this disorder?
a) nerve thinning
b) nerve injury
c) nerve irritation
d) nerve compression

a) nerve thinning

Why would smooth muscle associated with lung bronchioles dilate while smooth muscle associated with arterial walls constricts when stimulated by norepinephrine neurotransmitter?
a) different body system
b) different smooth muscle
c) different target organs
d) different receptor types

d) different receptor types

Nasal decongestants phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine act to shrink an d dilated blood vessels in the nasal passages to relieve congestion. They called sympathomimetics because they act similar to sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine. which of the following would be an undesirable side effect associated with their use?
a) drowsiness
b) nervousness
c) muscle aches
d) arm numbness

b) nervousness

_________ are inborn and serve to protect the body.

Intrinsic reflexes

_________ are neural pathways composed of five basic components.

Reflex arcs

_________ are rapid, predictable, and involuntary motor responses to stimuli.

Reflexes

Riding a bike and driving a car are examples of _________.

learned reflexes

Description of Somatic reflexes:

- patellar reflex
- pull hand away from hot stove
- activate skeletal muscle

Description of Autonomic reflexes:

- activates cardiac muscles
- activate smooth muscles
- activate glands

Identify the five basic components of a reflex arc.

1) receptor
2) sensory neuron
3) integration center
4) motor neuron
5) effector

Stretch reflexes are important for maintaining and adjusting muscle tone for posture, balance, and locomotion. The patellar reflex is a specific example of a stretch reflex test. Which of the following components is the integration center of the patellar reflex arc?
a) quadricep femoris
b) synapse in the L2-l4 segments
c) patellar ligament
d) muscle spindle

b) synapse in the L2-l4 segments

Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets: Reflex arc

1) Receptor
2) Sensory neuron
3) integration center
4) motor neuron
5) effector

Drag the labels onto the diagram to identify the parts of a monosynaptic reflex arc.

1) Sensory receptor (muscle spindle)
2) Sensory (afferent) neuron
3) Motor (efferent) neuron
4) Effector (quadriceps femoris muscle)

Drag the labels onto the diagram to identify the parts of a polysynaptic reflex arc.

1) Sensory receptor ending
2) Sensory (afferent) neuron
3) Interneuron
4) Motor (efferent)
5) effector neuron (biceps brachii muscle)

Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets: visceral

stimulus -> receptor in viscera -> sensory neuron -> integration center -> motor neuron -> visceral effector -> Response

identify different parts of the stretch reflex

muscle spindle -> Afferent sensory neuron -> interneuron -> efferent motor neuron -> agonist muscle

Select the true statement (more than one about the characteristic of sensory neurons in the stretch reflex.
- These sensory neurons transmit impulses to the spinal cord via interneurons
- These sensory neurons transmit efferent impulses to antagonist muscles.
- These sensory neurons typically transmit afferent impulses toward antagonist muscles.
- These sensory neurons transmit afferent impulses toward the spinal cord (CNS).
- When a stretch activates the muscle spindle, these sensory neurons transmit impulses at a higher frequency.

- These sensory neurons transmit afferent impulses toward the spinal cord (CNS).
- When a stretch activates the muscle spindle, these sensory neurons transmit impulses at a higher frequency.

Which is the true statement about the synapses in the spinal cord in the stretch reflex?
a) The antagonist muscle is activated by increased frequency stimuli.
b) Sensory neurons synapse with motor neuron interneurons to excite the extrafusal fibers of the stretched muscle.
c) Interneurons make inhibitory synapses with neuron that prevent contraction of the antagonist muscle.
d) Polysynaptic interneurons first synapse with higher brain centers.

c) Interneurons make inhibitory synapses with neuron that prevent contraction of the antagonist muscle.

Examine the cross section through the lumbar section of the spinal cord and the two patellar reflex pathways shown. What identifies these synapses?
- Both pathways will inhibit muscles.
- Efferent impulses synapse twice with motor neurons.
- Pathways will activate one muscle and simultaneously inhibit its antagonist muscle.
- Afferent impulses synapse twice with motor neurons.
- Both pathways will activate muscles.
- Efferent impulses synapse with motor neurons and interneurons.
- Afferent impulses synapse with motor neurons and interneurons.

- Pathways will activate one muscle and simultaneously inhibit its antagonist muscle.
- Afferent impulses synapse with motor neurons and interneurons.

Examine and characterize the two motor pathways in the stretch patellar reflex.
- Interneurons excite alpha motor neurons, which in turn excite the muscle.
- Alpha motor neurons activate the quadriceps. Once the quadriceps have contracted, alpha motor neurons inhibit the hamstrings.
- Alpha motor neurons send efferent messages to the quadriceps, while parallel efferent messages to the hamstrings are reduced.
- Alpha motor neurons send efferent messages to excite the quadriceps, and the hamstrings are reduced.

- Alpha motor neurons send efferent messages to the quadriceps, while parallel efferent messages to the hamstrings are reduced.

Order the correct sequence of events.

Muscle stretch->
Muscle spindles are activated ->
Sensory neurons transmit afferent impulses ->
Extrafusal fibers of the stretched muscle are excited /
Interneurons send inhibitory impulses to antagonistic motor neurons ->
Efferent impulses cause the stretched muscle to contract /
Efferent impulses to antagonistic muscles are reduced

A patient sustains a ventral horn injury to the lumbar region of the spine. This injury has damaged the cell bodies of several afferent nerves within the region. Predict how the patient's patellar reflex might be affected.
a) Both the quadriceps and the hamstring would contract.
b) The patient's patellar reflex would be hyperactive.
c) The patient's patellar reflex would be absent or weak.
d) The quadriceps would contract, but the hamstring would not relax.
e) The hamstring would relax, but the quadriceps would not contract.

c) The patient's patellar reflex would be absent or weak.

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Which is a true statement about the synapses in the spinal cord in the stretch reflex?

Which is the true statement about the synapses in the spinal cord in the stretch reflex? Interneurons make inhibitory synapses with neurons that prevent contraction of the antagonist muscle.

What is the stretch reflex quizlet?

The stretch reflex (myotatic reflex) is a muscle contraction in response to stretching within the muscle. It is a monosynaptic reflex which provides automatic regulation of skeletal muscle length. When a muscle lengthens, the muscle spindle is stretched and its nerve activity increases.

Which of the following characterize a stretch reflex quizlet?

Which of the following describes a stretch reflex? The receptor detects that a muscle is stretched, and sends a signal to contract it reflexively.

In the example of a specific spinal reflex (the stretch reflex) the stimulus (muscle stretch) is sensed by a receptor organ in the muscle (muscle spindle) and a signal is transmitted (via Ia afferent fibers) to spinal cord (motoneurons) in the central nervous system.