Material culture refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture. These include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools, churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production, goods and products, stores, and so forth. All of these physical aspects of a culture help to define its members' behaviors and perceptions. For example, technology is a vital aspect of material culture in today's United States. American students must learn to use computers to survive in college and business, in contrast to young adults in the Yanomamo society in the Amazon who must learn to build weapons and hunt. Show
Non‐material culture refers to the nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions. For instance, the non‐material cultural concept of religion consists of a set of ideas and beliefs about God, worship, morals, and ethics. These beliefs, then, determine how the culture responds to its religious topics, issues, and events. When considering non‐material culture, sociologists refer to several processes that a culture uses to shape its members' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Four of the most important of these are symbols, language, values, and norms. December 18, 2012 | Dr. Lisa D. Belfield What language do you speak? What is your religion? What holidays do you celebrate? What is your racial identification? What is your ethnic identity? What is your culture? Culture is that which shapes us; it shapes our identity and influences our behavior. Culture is our “way of being,” more specifically, it refers to the shared language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects that are passed down from one generation to the next.1 According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the 2009 population in America was:
Each race encompasses a multitude of different ethnic groups. An ethnic group refers to people who are closely related to each other through characteristics such as culture, language, and religion.3 There are many ethnic groups in the United States, due in large part to its immigrant population; each of these groups contributes to America’s cultural heritage. From African Americans to Russian Americans, the United States is one of the most diverse nations in terms of culture. What does it mean to be “culturally diverse”? The term “culturally diverse” is often used interchangeably with the concept of “multiculturalism.” Multiculturalism is defined as: “…a system of beliefs and behaviors that recognizes and respects the presence of all diverse groups in an organization or society, acknowledges and values their socio-cultural differences, and encourages and enables their continued contribution within an inclusive cultural context which empowers all within the organization or society.4 Sociologist Dr. Caleb Rosado, who specializes in diversity and multiculturalism, described seven important actions involved in the definition of multiculturalism:5
Why is cultural diversity a “good thing”? Culture is the lens with which we evaluate everything around us; we evaluate what is proper or improper, normal or abnormal, through our culture. If we are immersed in a culture that is unlike our own we may experience culture shock and become disoriented when we come into contact with a fundamentally different culture. People naturally use their own culture as the standard to judge other cultures; however, passing judgment could reach a level where people begin to discriminate against others whose “ways of being” are different than their own—essentially, we tend to fear that which we do not understand. Cultural diversity is important because our country, workplaces, and schools increasingly consist of various cultural, racial, and ethnic groups. We can learn from one another, but first we must have a level of understanding about each other in order to facilitate collaboration and cooperation. Learning about other cultures helps us understand different perspectives within the world in which we live, and helps dispel negative stereotypes and personal biases about different groups. In addition, cultural diversity helps us recognize and respect “ways of being” that are not necessarily our own, so that as we interact with others we can build bridges to trust, respect, and understanding across cultures. Furthermore, this diversity makes our country a more interesting place to live, as people from diverse cultures contribute language skills, new ways of thinking, new knowledge, and different experiences. How can you support cultural diversity?
Cultural diversity supports the idea that every person can make a unique and positive contribution to the larger society because of, rather than in spite of, their differences. Imagine a place where diversity is recognized and respected; various cultural ideas are acknowledged and valued; contributions from all groups are encouraged; people are empowered to achieve their full potential; and differences are celebrated. “Diversity is the one true thing we have in common. About the Author Dr. Lisa D. Belfield is an adjunct professor in the Purdue Global Human Services Department. She earned a bachelor’s degree in psychology from Mansfield University, a master’s degree in social relations from Lehigh University, and a doctorate degree in educational leadership from Wilmington University. In addition to teaching, she works as a methodologist and content expert on doctoral study committees, and is an education research consultant for LeadingEd Consultant Network. She has worked at organizations and institutions in positions which focused on behavior modification and therapeutic support, social welfare, college admissions, and education research. Dr. Belfield’s current research interests include: self-efficacy; the mentor-mentee relationship in higher education; and the impact of multiple social identities (race, gender, social class) on personal, social, academic, and career functioning. Dr. Belfield continues to have valuable experiences, lifelong mentors, and friendships that have made her personal and professional life quite meaningful and fulfilling. As a professor, she enjoys engaging students in taking a critical look at the world in which they thrive, and encourages them to see themselves as lifelong learners in an intellectual arena. One of her favorite quotes is, “Change is inevitable; growth is optional.” She encourages everyone to choose the option to grow. What term do sociologist use to describe the language beliefs values norms behavior and material objects shared by members of society?Culture is defined as the language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and even material objects passed from one generation to the next.
What is the term for the beliefs values behavior and material?culture: The beliefs, values, behavior, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life.
What is the term for the beliefs values behavior?Culture. The term for beliefs, values, behavior and material objects that together make up the way of life for a group of people.
Which of the following terms is used to describe a group with values and norms that oppose?Counterculture A subculture whose norms and values sharply contradict the dominant norms and values of the society in which it occurs.
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What term is used to describe the language beliefs values norms behavior and material objects shared by members of society?
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