Henri Fayol was a french management theorist who developed 14 principles of management. For his contribution in the field Of classical management theory, he is also known as the father of general management. Division of work Every employee should be assigned only one type of work. 1 Mark Questions 1. What is meant by Fayol’s principle of’esprit de corps’? (Delhi 2011) 2. Which principle of management implies that
there should be ‘one head and one plan’ for a group of activities having the same objective? 3. Which principle of management states that an employee should receive orders from one superior only? (Delhi
2010c) 4. What does the principle of initiative indicate? (Delhi 2009) 5. Why did Fayol introduce the concept of ‘gang plank’ in the
principle of ‘scalar Chain’? (All India 2009) 6. Which principle of management is violated, if a subordinate is asked to receive orders from two or more superiors? (HOTS; Delhi 2008C) Ans.
Principle of ‘unity of command’ is violated. 7. Telco Ltd is manufacturing files and folders from the old clothes to discourage use of plastic files and folders. For this, they employ people from nearby villages where very less job opportunities are available. An employee, Harish, designed a plan for the cost reduction but it was not welcomed by the production manager. Another employee gave some suggestion for improvement in design, but it was also not appreciated by the production manager.
Ans. (i) Initiative Henry Fayol suggested that work should be encouraged to develop and carry out their
plans for improvements. Initiative means taking the first step with self-motivation.
8. Voltech India Lid is manufacturing LED bulbs to save electricity and running under heavy losses. To revive from the losses, the management thought of shifting the unit to a backward area where labour is available at a low cost. The management also asked the workers to work overtime without any additional payment and promised to increase the wages of the workers after achieving its mission. Within a short period the company started earning profits because both the management and the workers honoured their commitments. (Compartment 2014)
Ans. (i) Discipline As suggested by Henry Fayol, discipline is the obedience to organisational rules and employment agreement which are necessary for the working of the organisation. He also suggested that there should be clear and fair agreements and judicious application of penalties.
9. Name and explain the principle of management according to which a manager should replace ‘I’ with ‘We’ in all his conversation with workers? (HOTS; Delhi 2013) 10. Name and explain the principle of management which requires judicious application of penalties by the
management. 11. Name and explain
the principle of management in which workers should be encouraged to develop and carry out their plans for improvement in the organisation. (HOTS; Delhi 2010c) 4/5 Marks Questions 12. Nikita and Salman completed their MBA and started working in a multi-national company at the same level. Both are working hard and are happy with their employers. Salman had the habit of backbiting and wrong reporting about his colleagues
to impress his boss. All the employees in the organisation knew about it. At the time of performance appraisal, the performance of Nikita was judged better than Salman. 13. Explain Fayol’s principles of ‘equity’ and ‘order’ with examples. 14. Explain the following principles of Fayol with the help of one example for each
Ans. (i) Discipline Discipline is obedience, application, and outward mark of respect. It means obedience to the rules of the organisation on the part of both superiors and subordinates. Discipline is necessary for the smooth running of the organisation. According to Fayol, ‘Discipline requires good superiors at all levels, clear and fair agreement and judicious application of penalties’. Discipline does not mean only rules and regulations
but it also means development of commitment on the part of employees towards organisation as well as towards each other. 15. Explain the following principles of Fayol with the help of one example of each.
Ans. (i) Division of work Every employee should be assigned only one type of work. It means that total work is divided into smail tasks/jobs and a trained specialist performs each job. The objective of division of labour derive the benefits from the principle of specialisation which can be applied to all work. 16. Explain the tallowing principles of Fayol with the help of one example for each:
Ans.
(i) Scalar chain It is the chain of superiors ranking from the top to the lowest ranks. The principle of scalar chain suggests that there should be a clear line of authority from top to bottom linking managers at all levels. The scalar chain serves as the chain of command and also as the chain of communication. Under the chain of command, orders and instructions, issued at higher levels, flow through intermediate managers before reaching the lower levels. The chain should not be
violated in normal course of formal communication. (ii) Stability of tenure of personnel According to this principle, there should be a reasonable security of jobs. Labour turnover should be minimised to maintain organisational efficiency. Personnel should be selected and appointed after due and rigorous procedure. But once selected, they should be kept at their post/position for a minimum fixed tenure. They should be given reasonable time to show results. Any adhocism in this regard will create unstability/unsecurity among employees. They would tend to leave the organisation. Under this situation, recruitment, selection and training cost will be high. For example, if Arnav is hired for the post of executive in a company than, according to this principle he should be kept on the same position for a fixed tenure say for 1 year, so that he can show results. 17. Explain any two of the following Fayol’s principles of management with examples 18. Explain the following principles of management:
Ans. (i) Scalar chain It is the chain of superiors ranking from the top to the lowest ranks. The principle of scalar chain suggests that there should be a clear line of authority from top to bottom linking managers at all levels. The scalar chain serves as the chain of command and also as the chain of communication. Under the chain of command, orders and instructions, issued at higher levels, flow through intermediate managers before reaching the lower
levels. The chain should not be violated in normal course of formal communication. (ii) Science, not rule of thumb According to this principle, decisions should be based on facts rather than rule of thumb. Rule of thumb is based on intuition, experience, personal opinion and/or prejudice. This principle requires development and application of scientific method. Taylor advocated that the traditional rule of thumb method should be replaced by scientific methods. Scientific methods should be used for the following purposes:
19. Explain the following principles:
Ans. (a) Discipline Discipline is obedience, application, and outward mark of respect. It means obedience to the rules of the organisation on the part of both superiors and subordinates. Discipline is necessary for the smooth running of the organisation. According to Fayol, ‘Discipline requires good superiors at all levels, clear and fair agreement and
judicious application of penalties’. Discipline does not mean only rules and regulations but it also means development of commitment on the part of employees towards organisation as well as towards each other. Important Questions for Class 12 Business StudiesClass 12 Business StudiesNCERT Solutions Home Page Which principle violated if an employee gets orders from more than one superior?Principle of 'unity of command' is violated.
Which management principle is violated when employees answer to several bosses?Unity of command and direction. Having two bosses violates the unity of command principle.
Which principle of management is violated?The principle that is violated is "authority and responsibility". When a person is accorded some responsibility, he must also be given the required authority so that he is able to complete the work effectively and efficiency.
What principle of management states that employee should receive orders from one superior only?Unity of command states that a subordinate should receive order and be responsible to only one boss. This ensures that each employee gets command only from one superior and is accountable to the same.
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