What kinds of sources should you examine as you read for a research project quizlet?

The types of sources you turn to for your research will depend on your research topic.

True

When starting a new research project, a writer should first check the assignment to see if the requirements include the use of ________, which are original works created by someone with firsthand knowledge of the subject, or ________, which are works that interpret or discuss original works.

Primary
secondary

A writer is planning to do a research project on the topic of water management, and she finds a book called Thirsty Planet: Strategies for Sustainable Water Management on Amazon that she wants to look through for ideas. She goes to her college's library, but the library does not have the book on its shelves. Her only option is to buy the book herself.

False

If you are good at talking to people, you don't need to prepare before doing interviews or surveys.

False

"Watch a video of a speaker presenting on how to cultivate creativity in children. Write a response to the speaker's discussion, incorporating relevant source material and personal experiences from your own childhood or observations of others."

Useful

Write down ideas and possible research questions and then meet with a research librarian to discuss the best types of sources, search terms, and databases.

Search a few library databases using various keywords about creativity and children to get different types of results.

Not as useful

Type the title of the video into an internet search engine and use the first few articles that appear.

Which steps of the research process are likely to be most useful?

Useful

writing down questions about your research and then meeting with a research librarian

using basic internet searches to get a sense of the conversation surrounding your research question

searching for your topic on Wikipedia and looking for relevant sources in the bibliography

using internet searches to brainstorm different types of keywords to use in library database searches

searching a library database using various keywords to get different types of results

Not as useful

citing information from the first few articles you find in an internet search.

A writer is working on a report that will provide information on career opportunities in the field of psychology for recent college graduates. Which types of sources would likely be useful for doing background research on the topic?

Likely to be useful

blogs
interviews
a reference site such as Wikipedia
credible websites

Not as likely to be useful

scholarly journal articles

A writer is planning to interview college students regarding cell phone use. He wants to have a mix of open-ended questions and questions that require specific, succinct answers. Categorize the questions he has so far.

Open-ended questions

What would be hard about not using your phone?
What kinds of things do you use your phone for?

Questions requiring specific answers

How much time do you spend on your phone in an average hour?
Do you sleep with your phone beside you?
How many texts on average do you send in a day?

Are the following strategies likely to narrow or expand a search?

Narrow

using a more specific search term

filtering results for certain publication types (such as scholarly journals or newspapers)

searching for an exact phrase

Expand

using fewer keywords

using an "Any of these words" advanced search

Are the following strategies likely to narrow or expand a search?

Narrow

using a "None of these words" advanced search

searching for an exact phrase

Expand

using a more popular synonym

using fewer words

A student begins a research project on the opioid epidemic with an interest in the perspective of nurses in neonatal units. She wants to know what support there is for pregnant women who are addicted to opioids. To help her figure out what she wants to focus on, she decides to interview a nurse she knows from a local hospital.

makes sure they are all simple yes or no questions

does not take notes during the interview

A writer is searching for articles about gun control in a library database system. Which strategies would expand the writer's search? Which would narrow it?

Expand search

using OR: gun control OR firearm regulation

Narrow search

using a more specific search term: for example, concealed carry

filtering results for full-text articles

using NOT: gun control NOT mental illness

A student wants to do a research study on how high schools prepare for possible gun violence. He thinks it might be interesting to write a survey and post it on his Facebook page, asking everyone about how their schools prepare for possible gun violence.

including mostly open-ended questions

decides not to test his questions

A writer is working on a research project about long-term alcohol abuse. He plans to collect information about and analyze the effects of long-term alcohol abuse on alcoholics' family members, with the goal of presenting strategies that family members can use to help deal with these effects.

/Primary

Primary

the writer's interviews with family members of alcoholics

a credible website with testimonials from family members of alcoholics

a brochure from a therapy facility for addiction

Secondary

a magazine article about the history of alcoholism

A writer is interested in focusing his upcoming research project on the topic of human rights. He needs to decide on a specific research question within that area and then collect both secondary sources and primary sources to fulfill the requirements of his assignment. For the primary sources, his best option would be to collect his data in the form of surveys, interviews, or observations, as he has no access to other types of primary documents.

False

A student is assigned a research project about objectification in advertising. First, she reads a scholarly journal article that discusses various kinds of objectification in advertising. She then analyzes the ads from a publication of her choice and interviews members of the publication's target audience to gauge their reactions to the ads. Her final product will be an essay analyzing the examples she finds based on the essay she read and the reactions of the target audience.

Primary

interviews with members of the publication's target audience

the advertisements being analyzed by the student

Secondary

the scholarly journal article

A writer wants to find a book on pediatric nutrition, and he decides to search the library catalog. He can search by author, title, subject, or keyword. If he types pediatric nutrition into the keyword option, he should expect that the search will find only the books that have those keywords in their titles.

False

A writer wants to research clean technology and starts by going to Wikipedia. Which of the following are acceptable ways to use Wikipedia as part of the research process?

Acceptable

reading through the Wikipedia information to get familiar with the topic, and then following up on areas of interest with further research on the internet and in the library

looking at the References section at the bottom of the Wikipedia page and following the links to the original articles listed there

Not acceptable

reading through the Wikipedia information to get familiar with the topic, and then including some of the material in the research paper

reading through the Wikipedia information to get familiar with the topic and citing useful ideas or quotes

When you conduct an interview, there are often tasks that need to be done before, during, and after the process. Categorize these interview tasks in terms of when they should be done.

Before

Write out interview questions.

Contact the subject to request an interview.

During

Take notes.

Note the full name of the person and the date, time, and place of the interview, as well as relevant demographic and background information.

After

Send a thank-you note or email.

Flesh out your notes.

A writer wants to learn about the writing processes college students use in their classes by studying her peers' experiences. What are some recommended strategies she could use to conduct her own field research on this topic?

Recommended

The writer decides to add some examples of specific first-person experiences into her discussion.

The writer comes up with thoughtful, open-ended questions based on her research questions in advance, and then uses them as the basis of interviews with her fellow students.

Not recommended

The writer thinks it might be fun to post a survey on Facebook and see what responses she gets, so she writes a few questions quickly and posts them.

The writer interviews some peers about their experiences with writing processes using a few quick yes or no questions she wrote during class.

An article in a publication such as The Atlantic, Time, or Fortune would most likely be considered a scholarly source.

False

Are the following strategies likely to narrow or expand a search?

Expand

adding OR to a search

Narrow

using an "All of these words" advanced search

filtering results for certain domains

filtering results for a particular range of dates

A writer who works for an advertising company is tasked with analyzing a few rough drafts of advertisements for a new product. She is asked to research how persuasive the ads are likely to be and to present her findings in a report to her colleagues. Which sources would she be most likely to cite for this project?

Likely to cite

scholarly journal articles

credible websites

interviews

Not likely to cite

a reference site such as Wikipedia

blogs

A writer is doing some research for a project about the best treatments currently available for people with opioid addictions. Which of the sources below are primary and which are secondary?

Primary

an interview the writer conducts with a nurse from a local hospital

a case study of an opioid addiction treatment center

a government website that provides statistics about opioids

Secondary

an online Time magazine article discussing opioid addiction

A writer is planning to do a research project on global warming. Which types of sources would likely be useful for doing background research on the topic?

Likely to be useful

a reference site such as Wikipedia

interviews

scholarly journal articles

credible websites

newspaper articles

Not as likely to be useful

Which of the following statements can a writer reasonably assume from this page of search results on alternative energy generated using the metasearch engine Yippy?

Reasonable assumption

There are millions of websites that contain the words alternative and energy.

Unreasonable assumption

The first websites listed in this search are the best ones.

The URL ending .com in the fourth search result, from www.renewableenergyworld.com, indicates that the website is a credible one.

Which of the following questions are important to ask when considering whether or not to do field research? Which are not important?

Important

Have you planned out and tested your goals, methods, and questions ahead of time?

Does the project require field research?

Do your sources have experience with the topic of your research?

Not important

Do you have previous experience with field research?

A student wants to look into whether it makes sense for his college to provide healthier lunch options. His cafeteria has a hamburger station, a pizza station, and a salad bar station. He worries that even if healthier options were added, students would still choose the unhealthy food. He decides to observe students in the cafeteria for a few hours on one day to track how many students go to which stations and to interview a few of these students.

student makes his decision about what and when to observe during class one day and, without thinking more about it, gets started right after class

he decides to leave early

You should start by thinking about your _______.

You should then decide ______ and how you'll reach the target audience. You should write questions that require ________. You should write _________ that explains the survey's purpose. You should also ________ on several people.

research question

whom you'll send the survey to

specific answers

an introduction

test the questions

When evaluating a source to determine whether it is scholarly or popular, writers sometimes start by examining the end of the URL. Which of the following URL endings are more likely to belong to scholarly sources, and which are more likely to belong to popular sources?

Scholarly

.edu

.gov

Popular

.com

.org

All the sources found through library databases will be scholarly sources.

False

A student is writing an analysis of millennials' views on gun control. He searches Twitter for tweets from millennials that contain #guncontrol and cites the tweets he finds to support his argument. Are the tweets considered a primary source or a secondary source?

Primary source

Many government agencies and departments maintain websites where writers can find government reports, statistics, legislative information, and other resources. USA.gov and other affiliated websites offer resources from the US government. On this American FactFinder data search platform from Census.gov, which of the following can you search for? Click or tap on the image at right to enlarge it.

Can search for

population

2000 Census data

race

household

age

Cannot search for

religion

A writer uses both primary sources and secondary sources in her research project on the issue of food insecurity in her local community. Based on her topic, which of the following types of sources would be considered primary, and which would be considered secondary?

Primary

interviews with neighbors who have experienced food insecurity

the charter for her community's food pantry

Secondary

a scholarly article that describes previous research on food insecurity

A writer is beginning a research project on strategies that elementary school teachers can use to help their students learn to cope with stress. Which of the following potential sources for this project are most likely primary sources, and which are most likely secondary sources?

Primary

an online lesson plan about stress-reduction techniques created by a teacher

a radio interview of a school psychologist discussing stress in schools

responses to a student questionnaire about stress levels, created by the writer

Secondary

A writer typed creativity and innovation into a library database and got the following list of results. Drag the labels below onto each of the following sources based on whether they are likely to be scholarly sources or popular sources.

scholarly
scholarly
popular
scholarly

If a writer is searching for recent legal cases or law review articles about gun violence, which database would probably be most helpful to start with?

LexisNexis (Nexis Uni)

Database searching requires flexibility and patience, both in the words you use and in the methods you try. Which of the following search words or combinations would be more likely to be useful for a library database search?

Useful

"opioid epidemic" AND "pain management"

"opioid addiction" OR "opioid dependent" OR "opioid use disorder"

opioids AND pharmaceutical

Not as useful

opioid addiction, opioid dependent, opioid use disorder

What are treatments for opioid addiction?

opoid epidemic

opioids affect pregnancies how

A movie review would always be considered a secondary source.

False

Whether a source is considered primary or secondary sometimes depends on a writer's topic and purpose.

True

Which of the following titles is likely to belong to a scholarly source? Which is likely to belong to a popular source?

Scholarly

"Increases in Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection Related to a Growing Opioid Epidemic and Associated Injection Drug Use, United States, 2004 to 2014"

"The Surge of Opioid Use, Addiction, and Overdoses: Responsibility and Response of the US Health Care System"

Popular

"The Obamacare Quirk That Is Fueling the Opioid Epidemic"

"The Family That Built an Empire of Pain"

When searching in a library database, trying a synonym generally helps writers narrow their search.

False

Wikipedia should never be used when researching a topic.

False

A Google search for newspaper articles on a topic such as immigration can provide only recent news on that topic.

False

A writer is studying golfers at his local golf course, and whether their self-talk—how they speak or think to themselves about their performance and abilities—has a measurable effect on their performance. As part of his research, he looks at other scholars' analyses of athletes' "self-talk" in scholarly journals of psychology. He also designs a survey that he distributes to twenty local golfers to gather his own set of data.

The journals he consults are considered secondary sources, and his survey results are considered a primary source.

True

Library databases are the only way to find scholarly sources.

False

What two factors should you consider when selecting sources for use in a research report?

As you examine each source, it is important to evaluate each source to determine the quality of the information provided within it. Common evaluation criteria include: purpose and intended audience, authority and credibility, accuracy and reliability, currency and timeliness, and objectivity or bias.

What two factors should you consider when selecting sources for use in a research report quizlet?

People now consume information in many different ways. What two factors should you consider when selecting sources for use in a research report? Relevance and reliability or authenticity.

What role do primary sources usually play in a research assignment that requires analysis quizlet?

How can primary sources help you complete a research assignment that requires analysis? you can analyze them as evidence for your claim.

What do primary sources of information provide to the researcher quizlet?

Why are primary sources an important source of information to a researcher? They provide original articles in which researchers communicate directly.