Under the authority of the US federal government, Carlisle was the first federally funded off-reservation Indian boarding school. Founded in 1879 by Captain Richard Henry Pratt, it enrolled over 10,500 students by the time of its closing in 1918. Pratt believed that American Indians were the equals of European-Americans, and that Native American children immersed in mainstream Euro-American culture would become assimilated. Show
To document his experiment, what scholar David Wallace Adams has referred to as “Education for Extinction,” Pratt commissioned John N. Choate to take before and after "contrast" photos to document the progress they were making in “civilizing” the Indian children. These photographs were then sent to officials in Washington, to potential charitable donors and to other reservations to recruit new students. Focusing on Details: Compare and ContrastCreated by the National Archives  About this Activity
Start Activity In this short comparative analysis activity, students will compare and contrast two images of Native American children taken at the Carlisle Indian School: one from when they initially arrived and one from several months later. Students will explore these images to discuss the changes and purpose of Indian boarding schools. https://www.docsteach.org/activities/student/compare-and-contrast-group-photographs Suggested Teaching InstructionsThis activity is intended as a warm-up or introduction to a unit related to policies towards Native Americans in the late 19th century. For grades 6-12. Approximate time needed is 15-20 minutes. Present the activity to the entire class. Prompt students to carefully examine the two photographs. Remind them to use the arrows and magnifying glass icons in the blue bar at the bottom of each document to take a closer look, but not to click "View Entire Document" during initial analysis, which would reveal the title and caption for the image. Direct students to the first photograph (children at the Carlisle Indian School taken several months after their arrival). Model careful analysis. Instruct them to the answer the analysis questions below: Meet the photo. Observe its parts. Try to make sense of it. Direct students to the second photograph (children upon arrival at Carlisle Indian School, taken months earlier). Ask students to answer the same questions for this photo. Next instruct students to compare and contrast the photographs. Ask them what major differences are apparent. During this discussion, ask students how these two images may be directly related to each other. If students hypothesize that they depict the same children, ask them to provide evidence that supports that view. Ask students to guess how much time had passed between the photographs (four months). Then direct them to click on "When You're Done."They will be instructed to click on "View Entire Document" for each photograph, where they will learn that the children depicted were Chiracahua Apache students 1) after training at the Carlisle Indian School, and 2) upon their arrival. Students should respond to the following:
You can provide the following additional information about these photographs: These Chiracahua Apache students were photographed at the Carlisle Indian School, near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, upon their arrival in 1886 and then again four months later. At Carlisle and other schools, Native American students were required to abandon traditional ways and learn a trade. Richard Henry Pratt, a former Army officer, founded this military-style school in 1879 to train American Indians to become leaders upon returning to their reservations. The Bureau of Indian Affairs, known as the Office of Indian Affairs until 1947, ran schools like Carlisle both on and off Indian reservations. The schools were part of the Federal Government's attempt to "Americanize" Native children through assimilation. Scholars have repeatedly cited Indian school policies and practices as playing a critical role in the systematic decimation of traditional cultures and languages.
To the extent possible under law, National Archives Education Team has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to "Before and After Carlisle School". What was the goal of the Carlisle Indian school?The school administrators' mission was to remove indigenous children from the families and communities to assimilate them and stop the passing-on of indigenous culture. The boarding schools forced indigenous children to adopt Euro-American culture.
What is the significance or purpose of the before and after photographs of American Indian children who attended the boarding schools?Abstract. Photographs of American Indian boarding school students have often been usedto illustrate the federal forced assimilation practices of the 1870s–1930s. Taken by officialschool photographers, these propagandistic images were produced to emphasize the“civilizing” benefits of the boarding school system.
Why were the reasons behind the high numbers of children dying at the Carlisle boarding schools?More than 180 Native children died at Carlisle, often from a combination of malnourishment, sustained abuse and disease brought on by poor living conditions.
Why were Native American children sent to Indian schools in places like Carlisle Pennsylvania?The goal of these reformers was to use education as a tool to “assimilate” Indian tribes into the mainstream of the “American way of life,” a Protestant ideology of the mid-19th century. Indian people would be taught the importance of private property, material wealth and monogamous nuclear families.
|
These photographs provide evidence that one goal of the Carlisle Indian School was to
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 de.apacode Inc.
