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Assembly line balancing An assembly line consists of a series of workstations each with a uniform time interval that is referred to as a takt time (which is also the time between successive units coming off the end of the line) At each workstation work is performed on a product by adding parts and/or by completing an assembly operation. The work performed at each station is made up of many tasks (also referred to as elements, or work units). Such tasks are described by in option-time analysis. Generally, they are groupings that cannot be subdivided on the assembly line without paying a high penalty in extra motions. The total work to be performed at a workstation is equal to the sum of the tasks assigned to that workstation. The assembly line balancing problem is one of assigning all of the tasks required to a series of workstations so that the time required to do the work at each station does not exceed the takt time, and at the same time. the unassigned (i.e., idle) time across all workstations is minimized. An additional consideration in designing the line is to assign the tasks as equitably as possible to the stations. The problem is further complicated by the relationships among tasks imposed by product design and process technologies. This is called the precedence relationship which specifies the order in which the tasks must be performed in the assembly process. Steps in assembling line balancing. The sequence of steps required to balance an assembly line is
straightforward: Sum of task times (S) 4. Select a primary rule by which task are to he assigned to workstations, and a secondary rule to break ties. 1.Repeat the process for Workstation 2. Work-ration 3. and so on. until all tasks are assigned. 6. Evaluate the efficiency of the resulting assembly line using the following formula: Sum of ta-k times (S) Efficiency = ~-~--:---=---:----:---------- 7. If efficiency is unsatisfactory, rebalance the hue using a Jltkrent decision rule. A toy company produces a Model J Wagon that is to be assembled on a conveyor belt. Five hundred wagons are required per day. The company is currently operating on a one-shift, eight-hour-a-day schedule, with one hour off for lunch (i.e., net production time per day is seven hours). The assembly steps and times for the wagon are given in Exhibit 8.10. Assignment: Find the balance that minimizes the number of workstations subject to takt time and precedence constraints.. What is the time between successive units coming off the line?Workstation cycle time is the time between successive units coming off the end of the assembly line. What is the cycle time for the assembly line in?Cycle time of Assembly Line is the maximum time of individual work stations. Balance delay indicates the ideal time on the assembly line. Assuming Production happens 24 Hrs in 3 shifts each of 8 hrs. What are the steps in line balancing an assembly line start at the beginning?Steps in Assembly Line Balancing. Outline your workstation sequence and draw a precedence diagram. ... . Estimate the needed cycle time for each workstation. ... . Calculate the hypothetical number of workstations you will need. ... . Start assigning tasks to the workstations until the process times are equal.. What specifies the order in which a firm will make product components?This is called the precedence relationship, which specifies the order in which tasks must be performed in the assembly process. In assembly-line balancing the theoretical minimum number of workstations is found by a ratio of the sum of all task times divided by the cycle time. What are the steps in designing process layout?There are three steps in designing process layouts: Step 1 Gather information. Step 2 Develop a block plan or schematic of the layout. Step 3 Develop a detailed layout.
How is equipment layout arranged?In process layout, the work stations and machinery are not arranged according to a particular production sequence. Instead, there is an assembly of similar operations or similar machinery in each department (for example, a drill department, a paint department, etc.)
What are the 4 basic layout types?There are four basic layout types: process, product, hybrid, and fixed position. In this section we look at the basic characteristics of each of these types. Then we examine the details of designing some of the main types.
Which of the following types of process structures is one in which work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made?An assembly line is where work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made.
What is a process style layout?A process layout is a type of facility layout. Organizations often use process layouts to design floor plans and arrange equipment for maximized efficiency. Plants with a process layout may arrange work stations, machinery, tools and other equipment in groups according to the functions they perform.
Which of the following basic types of production layout formats is one in which equipment or work processes are arranged?A workcenter is a basic production layout format in which similar equipment or functions are grouped together.
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In which layout format equipment or work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps?
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