A coin is tossed 10 times. what is the probability of getting 4 tails and 6 heads.

Heads or Tails

Alignments to Content Standards: 7.SP.C.6

Task

Each of the 20 students in Mr. Anderson's class flipped a coin ten times and recorded how many times it came out heads.

  1. How many heads do you think you will see out of ten tosses?
  2. Would it surprise you to see 4 heads out of ten tosses? Explain why or why not.
  3. Here are the results for the twenty students in Mr. Anderson's class. Use this data to estimate the probability of observing 4, 5 or 6 heads in ten tosses of the coin. (It might help to organize the data in a table or in a dot plot first.)
    Student1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
    Number of heads3 5 4 6 4 8 5 4 9 5 3 4 7 5 8 6 3 6 5 7

IM Commentary

This task asks students to think about how the distribution of observed outcomes from a chance experiment might differ from the theoretical distribution and to use observed data to estimate a probability (7.SP.6).

This task could be used as an assessment item or as the basis for a classroom discussion. If you use it for classroom discussion, be sure that students understand that they will not always see exactly see 5 heads in ten tosses, even if the coin is fair.

After students have had a chance to estimate the probability in part (c), you could follow up by asking them if they think that this number is exactly equal to the theoretical probability of getting 4, 5 or 6 heads when a coin is tossed. Then you can point out that this estimated probability is based on only 20 observations, and ask students what they think would happen if they were to have 50 observations or 100 observations. (The theoretical probability for 4, 5 or 6 heads in ten tosses is 0.656.)

If time permits, you could also have each student in your class toss a coin 10 times and record the number of heads. You could then use your class data in place of the data provided in the problem.

Solution

  1. Most students will reply that they expect to see 5 heads, but encourage answers like "around 5 heads".
  2. It would not be surprising to see only 4 heads in ten tosses. Although this outcome might occur less often than getting 5 heads, students should understand that there will be variability in the outocmes when a coin is tossed ten times, and that you don't always get 5 heads.
  3. It helps to organize the data before estimating the requested probability. A dot plot of the data is shown here:

    A coin is tossed 10 times. what is the probability of getting 4 tails and 6 heads.

    Because 12 of the observed outcomes were 4, 5 or 6, the estimated probability is 12/20 = 0.60.

Heads or Tails

Each of the 20 students in Mr. Anderson's class flipped a coin ten times and recorded how many times it came out heads.

  1. How many heads do you think you will see out of ten tosses?
  2. Would it surprise you to see 4 heads out of ten tosses? Explain why or why not.
  3. Here are the results for the twenty students in Mr. Anderson's class. Use this data to estimate the probability of observing 4, 5 or 6 heads in ten tosses of the coin. (It might help to organize the data in a table or in a dot plot first.)
    Student1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
    Number of heads3 5 4 6 4 8 5 4 9 5 3 4 7 5 8 6 3 6 5 7

The probability is approximately 20.51%.

Explanation:

This question uses the binomial distribution.

Let #X# be the number of heads in 10 tosses.
Then #X# is distributed as #"Bin"(n=10," "p=1/2)#.

The probability of #X# being 4 is therefore

#"P"(X=4)=""_10C_4(1/2)^4(1-1/2)^(10-4)#

#color(white)("P"(X=4))=210(1/16)(1/2)^6#

#color(white)("P"(X=4))=210(1/16)(1/64)#

#color(white)("P"(X=4))=210/1024=105/512~~0.2051#

  1. A coin is tossed 10 times. What is the probability of getting 4 tails and 6 heads?
    1. 105/512
    2. 13/64
    3. 51/256
    4. 25/126
  2. A die is constructed so that a 1 or a 2 occurs twice as a 3, 4 or a 6 and a 5 occurs thrice as a 1 or a 2. If the die is tossed once, find the probability that an even number will occur.
    1. 4/9
    2. 2/9
    3. 1/9
    4. 4/13
  3. Six married couples are standing in a room. Find the probability that there are married.
    1. 1/10
    2. 1/11
    3. 1/9
    4. 1/12
  4. A restaurant is giving away 3 different toys with each child’s meal. What is the probability of getting all three toys when purchasing 5 meals?
    1. 130/243
    2. 150/243
    3. 120/243
    4. 112/243

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What is the probability of getting exactly 6 heads and 4 tails?

6! = 10*9*8*7/4!= 10*3*7=210, So dividing gives about 0.25; in other words, out of all the 1000 possible different, equally likely, outcomes, 1/4 of them has 4 heads.

What is the probability of getting 4 heads when you toss a coin 10 times?

Suppose we toss a single coin, the probability of getting heads is equal to 0.5. The reason is that if we toss a coin, then there are only two possible outcomes: either we can get heads or tails. Thus, the probability of getting exactly 4 heads out of the 10 coin tosses is P(X=4)=0. 205.

What is the probability of tossing a coin 10 times?

Junho: According to probability, there is a 1/1024 chance of getting 10 consecutive heads (in a run of 10 flips in a row).

How many ways are there of getting 4 heads when tossing 10 coins?

So, there are 210 ways you can toss a coin 10 times and get 4 heads. EXAMPLE.