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1. Super Tuesday - where several states hold their primary on the same day in early March
a. Republican primaries were held in Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Georgia, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, and Virginia.
b. Democratic primaries were held in Alabama, American Samoa, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Massachusetts,
Minnesota, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, as well as for those who are Democrats abroad
Politics in States and Communities
15th EditionSusan A. MacManus, Thomas R. Dye
177 solutions
American Corrections
11th EditionMichael D. Reisig, Todd R. Clear
160 solutions
Criminal Justice in America
9th EditionChristina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole
105 solutions
American Government
1st EditionGlen Krutz
412 solutions
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Terms in this set (126)
The belief that government is a wasteful and dangerous institution and should be limited to as few activities as possible is an example of a political ________
ideaology
Which of the following statements about agencies of socialization is FALSE?
An individual's religion has no impact on their political views.
Which of the following statements is true?
The Democratic Party is becoming more popular in the South. WRONG
Which of the following statements about the political opinions of Democrats and Republicans in the public is most accurate?
Differences between the political opinions of Democrats and Republicans on a wide variety of policy questions are greater today than during any other period in the last forty years.
The transition many white southerners made from the Democratic to the Republican Party is a good example of
the changes in political conditions and circumstances in the South, rather than in opinions or values.
The concept of a marketplace of ideas refers to
the competition between varying opinions and ideas that are aired in public forums.
A wealthy businessperson who is very liberal is an example of
the fact that group memberships never fully explain all of an individual's political views.
One recent survey showed that two-thirds of Americans believe that federal officials are spending "too little" money on "assistance for the poor." Yet, another survey conducted at the same time found that only one-tenth of Americans believe that federal officials are spending "too little" on "welfare." This example shows that
small differences in the wording of a question can lead to very different response patterns
The process by which underlying political values are formed is known as
political socialization
Which of the following statements about the ideological preferences of Americans is FALSE
Prior to 2000, there were almost no Americans who identified themselves as liberals
________ support abortion rights and oppose state involvement with religious institutions.
Liberals
Which of the following statements about political opinions is FALSE
The poor are generally less supportive of economic and social programs than the wealthy. ??????
It is estimated that over ________ percent of Americans have a television
95
The development of media giants with access to a variety of media holdings raises the question of whether
there is enough competition among the media to produce a diverse set of views and opinions.
The Supreme Court case Red Lion Broadcasting Company v. FCC (1969) upheld ________.
framing ????????? WRONG
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the government and the media in the United States today?
The government does not own, but regulates, the content and theownership of broadcast media.
The press release was created
in the early twentieth century by a public relations firm working for a railroad.
f a radio station aired a personal attack against a candidate but refused to allow the same candidate the opportunity to respond to that attack on its station, the station would be violating the ________
right of rebuttal
Daily Internet users who participate in society and politics through online activities are called ________.
digital citizens
Google News and Real Clear Politics are good examples of ________.
News aggregators
The ________ provides candidates for the same political office equal opportunities to communicate their messages.
equal time rule
Despite its widespread availability, ________ typically provide(s) the least depth of news coverage
television
Brief quotes and short characterizations of the day's events in news coverage are called ________
sound bites
Which of the following statements about leaks is FALSE?
Leaks never occurred before the George W. Bush administration.
A majority of newspaper reporters identify themselves as ________
liberal
What was the original purpose of voter registration?
to reduce corruption by making it more difficult to vote
About ________ percent of eligible voters turn out for midterm congressional elections.
33
Which statement is correct?
Religion has played an important role in organizing political participation.
The digital divide refers to the
line separating citizens with Internet access from those without.
Which of the following statements is true?
The American states vary dramatically in the competitiveness of presidential elections.
Most U.S. House seats are not electorally competitive.
No other democracy uses an electoral college to mediate between a national vote for presidential candidates and the actual winner.
A person becomes president when he or she receives 270 electoral votes.
ALL OF THE ABOVE
Which of the following statements about the gender gap is FALSE?
The gender gap in voting behavior has always been about 20 percentage points since women's suffrage in 1920.
Which of the following groups have had the highest levels of political participation?
senior citizens (65 and over)
What is the best explanation for the fact that Latinos have tended to favor Democratic Party candidates in national elections?
They disagree with the Republican Party's stance on immigration and economic issues
State-level data from 1980-2010 suggests that
stringent voter ID laws have the effect of substantially lowering the turnout of the rich.
the Twenty-Sixth Amendment has resulted in a sharp increase in voter turnout.
both b and c ??????????? WRONG
Studies show that people are most likely to participate in politics when
someone asks them to get involved.
About ________ percent of African Americans voted for Barack Obama in 2008.
95
The Twenty-Sixth Amendment was ratified
during the Vietnam War.
he social desirability effect refers to
the fact that respondents report what they expect the interviewer wishes to hear or whatever they think is socially acceptable rather than what they actually believe or know to be true.
In recent years, partisan realignment in the South and congressional redistricting have
reduced the number of conservative Democrats and all but eliminated liberal Republicans from the Congress.
Liberalism and conservatism are good examples of
political ideologies.
What did the framers identify as the greatest source of political conflict for the United States?
differences between the rich and poor
Which of the following statements about public opinion is FALSE?
Shifts in public opinion on particular issues do not lead to changes in public policy.
In 1936, pollsters at the Literary Digest were guilty of ________ when they mistakenly predicted a presidential victory for Alf Landon over Franklin Roosevelt by polling people whose names came from the telephone book and automobile registration records.
selection bias
What is one of the main differences between those who have gone to college and those who have not?
There is a higher level of political participation among those with a college education.
In public opinion surveys, a sample of the total population
Must be representative in that the views of those in the sample must be accurately and proportionately reflect the views of the whole population.
Which of the following best characterizes the Clinton administration's attempts to influence public opinion?
The Clinton White House used techniques similar to those used in election campaigns to bolster popular enthusiasm for White House initiatives
Which of the following statements about the forces that shape public opinion is NOT true?
Presidents rarely attempt to influence public support for the policies they are promoting.
A socialist is someone who believes that
government should be very active in many spheres in order to reduce economic and social inequality
Which of the following statements about public opinion in America is true?
Citizens with high levels of knowledge are generally better able to evaluate new information to determine its relevancy to their beliefs.
If a television station sold commercial time to a Republican candidate for governor, but refused to sell
time to the Democratic candidate for governor, this station would be violating the
equal time rule
The Pentagon Papers were released as a result of
a leak by a minor Defense Department staffer
The most important selection bias in news is the ________
audience appeal of a story
Which of the following statements is true?
Online sources for news are now just behind television.
Newspapers became financially independent
in the early twentieth century.
with the development of commercial advertising.
BOTH B AND C
Large media conglomerates own approximately ________ percent of daily newspapers.
75
During the nineteenth century, newspapers were controlled by ________.
political parties.
The________ regulates broadcast media
Federal Communications Commission
"Filter bubbles" appear when
search engines automatically screen out information that might challenge or broaden our worldview.
The Vietnam War initiated the growth of ________ journalism.
adversarial
________ is the niche leader inside the Beltway.
Politico
The power of the media to draw public attention to particular issues and problems is called ________
agenda setting
________ has released thousands of secret government documents.
WikiLeaks
The strongest critique of the socioeconomic status model's explanation of political participation is that
education levels are rising while rates of participation are falling.
The socioeconomic status model explains one's political participation by examining an individual's ________
level of education, income, and occupational status
Accidental mobilization occurs when
individuals are exposed to political information that they did not explicitly seek out.
________ is the only state that does not require voter registration.
North Dakota
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
The televangelist Pat Robertson ran for the presidency in 1988. WRONG
Political parties have been doing less ________ in recent years.
mobilizing of voters
Over the past decade, polls have revealed that Asian American voters are moving
toward the Democratic Party
African Americans
African Americans
Question 33 options:
are increasingly voting Republican in federal elections.
are supporting the Democratic Party at lower levels than the 1960s.
are very diverse in their voting patterns.
have linked fate when it comes to political participation.
NONE OF THE ABOVE (WRONG)
________ is the single most important factor in predicting whether an individual votes.
Education level
About ________ percent of political advertising is aimed at Americans between 18 and 34 years of age.
14
About ________ percent of registered voters have voted in recent elections.
64 WRONG
Which of the following statements about voter identification laws is most accurate?
In every state with a voter identification law, a person must have a federal government-issued photo ID in order to cast a legal ballot WRONG
During the 1980s, the Republicans added ________ to their coalition.
religious conservatives and working-class whites
During the nineteenth century, party machines depended heavily on ________ in order to reward loyal party supporters.
patronage
________ referred to himself as a "compassionate conservative" in 2000
George W. Bush
When Richard Nixon employed his "southern strategy," he
appealed to disaffected white voters in the South.
Which of the following groups is most likely to support the Republican Party?
the wealthy
________ are nonprofit independent groups that receive and distribute funds to influence the nomination, election, and defeat of a candidate.
527 Committees
In 2012, about ________ percent of Latino Americans voted for Barack Obama.
70
The Populist Party appealed to which of the following groups?
Western mining interests, small farmers, and urban workers
Who elects the chairperson for the Republican and Democratic national committees?
the president if the party controls the White House; otherwise it is the party committee ??????
As a third-party candidate, Ross Perot captured approximately ________ percent of the popular vote in the 1992 presidential election
20 ??????????
________ develops when the winner of an electoral race obtains more votes than any other candidate.
The plurality system ???????????
What were the most common favors political bosses distributed to loyal party members during the era of political machines?
jobs ???????????
The establishment of the Republican Party is a good example of ________
mobilization ??????????
"Retail politics" refers to
campaigns where candidates meet citizens face-to-face to discuss politics.
Pollsters use random digit dialing to gather national samples for surveys because
there is not a complete list of all Americans that can be used to identify the population.
The fact that Democratic Party leaders have become more liberal and Republican Party leaders more conservative is important because
partisans in the public tend to rely on party leaders for cues on the appropriate positions to take on major political issues
People's political party preferences are primarily acquired through the influence of
their families.
In 1948, election night polls showed that ________ would win the presidential election.
Harry Truman WRONG
________ led the exposure of the Watergate scandal.
journalists at the Washington Post
Conservatives are more likely than liberals to support
school prayer.
Which of the following statements is true with regard to Latino Americans
Latino Americans are less likely than African Americans to perceive that America is a racist society.
Which of the following is true about Latino voters in the United States?
Mitt Romney received 70 percent of the Latino vote in the 2012 presidential election. WRONG
________ is one of the most important mechanisms for obtaining equality of opportunity.
Public education
Which of the following statements about the marketplace of ideas is true?
Private groups and the news media play important roles in shaping opinions in the marketplace of ideas
________ is the most important core value of liberalism
Liberty WRONG
One positive consequence of the decline in traditional newspapers and Washington, D.C., bureaus is the
revival of local news coverage
Which of the following statements about newspapers is NOT accurate?
The newspaper industry has been more profitable in recent years than ever before.
Which of the following statements is true
Average levels of political knowledge in the United States have increased. WRONG
Which of the following news sources reaches the most Americans?
television
Which of the following statements best describes the media's role in the Watergate affair?
Relentless investigations by journalists revealed various abuses of power by President Nixon and led to his resignation.
When journalists focus on a candidate's relative standing in the polls instead of substantive issues they are demonstrating ________ coverage.
bandwagon WRONG
Most local newspapers get their national news from ________
wire services
The penny press
was created in the nineteenth century. WRONG
The fact that journalists referred to the Obama administration's health care initiative as "reform" instead of as "health care rationing" is an example of the media's power of ________.
framing
Which of the following statements best describes the changing ownership patterns in the American media?
There has been a recent trend toward homogenization of national news as conglomerates have come to own a larger and larger percentage of media outlets.
Which of the following is regulated by the federal government?
television
The proliferation of news sources in recent years has
encouraged polarization because many media outlets seek to position themselves within a discrete ideological or partisan niche rather than maintain a middle-of-the-road stance
Much of the national news that is published in local newspapers is provided by _______
the Associated Press
Which of the following statements is true?
Republicans were better organized than Democrats in 2008 WRONG
The political power of Asian Americans has recently been hindered because of the
diversity of national backgrounds and cultures.
According to political scientists, voter registration requirements reduce voter turnout by as much as ________ percent
50
Which of the following statements about voting rights is correct?
Many states have laws restricting the voting rights of persons convicted of felonies.
Under the Constitution, ________ has/have the power to regulate elections.
state legislatures
The protests against SOPA and PIPA are an example of how
new media can be effectively used to mobilize offline participation in politics.
When did African Americans truly gain voting rights in the United States without fear of reprisal?
1965
What was the primary venue for citizen participation in national politics until the early 1900s?
U.S. House elections
One-third of all Asian Americans live in ________
California
Which of the following methods of participation was an important part of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s?
sit-ins and marches
The power of the Christian Coalition in the 1990s was due to
its success in mobilizing a large grassroots base. ???????????
Which of the following statements is true about political participation?
African Americans and Latinos are less likely to participate in politics than whites.
An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party ________.
identification
The United States began its tradition of the ________ during the early nineteenth century.
two-party system ??????
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