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Terms in this set (74)
The family is a social institution that is found in ________
every society.
The U.S. Census Bureau defines the "family" as ________
people living together who are linked by birth, marriage, or adoption.
People include as "kin" others to whom they are linked by ________
All of these responses are correct
Which of the following are typically traits of marriage?
All of these responses are correct.
A family that includes parents, children, and other kin is called ________
an extended family.
The concept "endogamy" refers to marriage between ________
people of the same social category
The concept of "patrilocality" refers to ________
a residential pattern by which a married couple lives near the husband's family.
Typically, industrial societies make use of which of the following systems to trace ancestry?
Bilateral descent
To which region of the world would you travel if you wanted to visit many countries where the law permits polygamy?
Africa
According to the structural-functional approach, which of the following is counted among the tasks of the family?
All of these responses are correct.
Following structural-functional theory, the family ________
is important enough to be called the backbone of society.
A social-exchange analysis of family life is likely to consider ________
how individuals select partners who offer about as much as they do to the relationship.
Social conflict and feminist theories explain that families perpetuate social inequality in U.S. society through ________
All of these responses are correct.
The concept "homogamy" means that ________
people marry others who are socially like themselves.
What is the effect of industrialization on the number of children in a typical family?
Families have fewer children.
In the United States, a recent trend involving parenting is that ________
more adults are delaying having children or choosing to remain childless.
Today's baby boomers are often called the "sandwich generation" because ________
they spend time caring for both children and aging parents.
Which of the following categories of the U.S. population has the greatest share of female-headed households?
African Americans
The recent trend in racially mixed marriages has been ________
upward—the numbers are increasing.
In 1989, which country became the first to permit legal same-sex partnerships with many of the benefits of marriage?
Denmark
Looking for evidence about how much the traditional family is eroding, you might point to the fact that ________
All of these responses are correct.
Which of the following is a reason for the rise in divorce rates in the United States?
All of these responses are correct.
Most people in the United States who divorce ________
remarry within five years.
Religion is a social institution that is best defined as involving ________
beliefs and practices concerning what is sacred.
Karl Marx believed that religion ________
supports social inequality.
Which of the following concepts refers to the fusion of Christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character?
Liberation theology
In the United States, ________ are more religious than ________.
All of these responses are correct.
Which of the following nations stands out as the most religious of all high-income countries?
The United States
Education is the social institution by which society provides people with important knowledge, including ________
All of these responses are correct.
On which of the following continents do we find the most countries with high rates of illiteracy?
Africa
In the United States, the focus of education has always been ________
what is practical and job-related.
The functions of schooling include ________
All of these responses are correct.
Which of the following is a latent function of schooling?
Providing child-care
An example of the cultural capital advantage of well-to-do students in U.S. schooling is parents who ________
All of these responses are correct.
The problem of functional illiteracy means that ________
many young people leave school without having learned basic skills.
Assume that you support the school choice movement. What are you likely to say is the reason that U.S. public schools perform poorly?
Schools have no competition.
Charter schools are ________
public schools that have the freedom to try new programs and policies.
Society shapes human health because ________
All of these responses are correct.
If you were to visit a low-income nation to study its high death rates, what would you find to be the most common causes of death?
Infectious diseases
Today, more than a century after the onset of the Industrial Revolution, there has been an increase in the share of deaths caused by which of the following?
Chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer
Social epidemiology is the study of ________
the distribution of health and illness in a population.
Research shows that masculinity is linked to health because ________
our culture's definition of masculinity encourages stress and heart disease.
In the United States, how does life expectancy of white people compare to that of black people?
It is about four years longer.
The greatest preventable cause of death in the United States is ________
cigarette smoking.
Which of the following categories of people in the United States is especially likely to smoke cigarettes?
Divorced people
Which of the following is a factor contributing to widespread obesity in U.S. society?
All of these responses are correct.
Which of the following is considered a behavior placing people at high risk of HIV infection?
All of these responses are correct.
Holistic medicine asserts that ________
patients should rely on themselves—not just physicians—to ensure their health.
Current research on human genetics promises to ________
All of these responses are correct.
Today, the world is home to about how many people?
7 billion
Fertility refers to ________
the incidence of childbearing in a nation's population
Which of the following concepts refers to the number of live births in a given year for every thousand people in a population?
Crude birth rate
Among which of the following categories of the U.S. population is fertility relatively low?
Asian Americans
If you were studying countries with very low infant mortality, in which of the following global regions would you be most likely to look?
Europe
Which of the following four statements about migration is NOT true?
Migration has little or no effect on population size.
If you were to examine an age-sex pyramid for a low-income nation, you would expect to see which of the following patterns?
A wide base, indicating a high birth rate
If a nation has a sex ratio of 108, as India does, it is very likely that parents there ________
value sons more than daughters.
How much did the world's population increase during the twentieth century?
It quadrupled.
Thomas Robert Malthus claimed that ________
population increase would eventually bring chaos to the world.
The basic idea behind demographic transition theory is ________
population patterns reflect a society's level of technological development.
Which of the following statements correctly describes societies at the postindustrial level of technological development?
a. Birth rates are low.
b. Death rates are steady.
Both A and B are true
Which of the following nations would you expect to be most concerned about a declining population?
A high-income country such as Japan
In low-income countries, increasing the range of opportunities available to women are likely to ________
All of these responses are correct.
The Industrial Revolution had what effect on U.S. cities?
All of these responses are correct.
The concept of "megalopolis" refers to which of the following?
A vast urban region containing many cities and suburbs
Which of the following concepts was used by Ferdinand Tönnies to refer to a type of social organization in which people come together only on the basis of individual self-interest?
Gesellschaft
According to Emile Durkheim, while traditional, rural societies were built on________, modern urban societies are held together by ________.
likeness; difference
The concept of "environmental deficit" refers to ________
long-term harm to the environment caused by a short-sighted focus on material affluence.
Which of the following concepts refers to changes brought on by the Information Revolution?
Postmodernity
Social change is almost always ________
controversial.
Sociologists point out that ________
social change happens all the time.
Which of the following is a common cause of social change?
All of these responses are correct.
Mass-society theory predicts that social movements will involve people who ________
are socially isolated.
Which of the following is the best example of an issue that defines a "new social movement"?
Global warming
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